Solutes and Water
Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Acid-Base
Not remotely on topic
100
Constituent compartments comprising total body water (TBW) in humans
Their approximate percentages of TBW
What are intracellular and extracellular compartments
TBW = 60% of body weight
Intracellular: 60% of TBW
Extracellular: 40% of TBW
100
Ohm's law of hydrodynamics
What is Δ P = F * R
where F = flow, R =resistance, and ΔP = pressure difference.
100
Measure of the stiffness of the lungs
What is compliance?
C = Δ volume/Δ pressure
100
Any chemical substance that can donate a Hydrogen ion
Whats is an acid?
100
Company founded by John D. Rockefeller, Sr, broken up by Supreme Court decision in 1911
What is the Standard Oil Company?
200
Number of osmotically active particles per liter of a given solution
What is Osmolarity?
200
R = 1/r1 + 1/r2 + 1/r3 + .....
What is the calculation of resistance for vascular circuits in parallel?
200
The reciprocal of compliance
What is elastance?
E= 1/compliance (measure of elastic recoil)
200
Formula to calculate expected PCO2 in the face of an metabolic acidosis
What is Winter's Formula?
PCO2 = 1.5(HCO3) + 8 +/- 2
200
U.S President who graduated with the first class of Stanford University
Who is Herbert Hoover?
300
Three types pf integral membrane pathways for passive transport of ions and solutes
What are pores, channels and carriers?
300
Two major determinants of net flux of fluid across a capillary wall.
What are hydrostatic pressure(P) and oncotic pressure(π)?
300
Factors which can shift the O2-Hgb dissociation curve to the right.
What are acidosis, elevated temperature, and elevated levels of 2,3 DPG?
300
Causes of low anion gap
What are:
- Decrease in unmeasured anions (albumin, dilution)
- Increase in unmeasured cations (multimyeloma (cationic IgG paraprotein), hypercalcaemia, hypermagnesaemia, lithium OD
300
Midwest University founded with financial support by John D. Rockefeller, Sr.
What is the University of Chicago?
400
Active transporter affected by the cardiac glycosides: ouabain and digoxin
Ratio of sodium:potassium exchanged by ATPase
What is the Na-K-ATPase pump?
What is 3:2?
400
Components required for AV nodal re-entry tachycardia
What are a slow and fast pathway, unidirectional block in fast pathway, retrograde conduction via the limb with unidirectional block, and recovery of refractory period with integrate conduction down slow pathway
400
3 types of airflow occurring in pulmonary airways
What are laminar, transitional, and turbulent airflow?
400
Causes of metabolic alkalosis include all the following except.
a) Mineralocorticoid deficiency
b) Hypokalemia
c) Thiazide diuretic therapy
d) Recurrent vomiting.
What is mineralocorticoid deficiency?
400
Named for a Greek king, a type of victory won at too great a cost to have been worthwhile for the victor.
What is a pyrrhic victory?
500
The driving force for passive, uncoupled solute transport across a membrane
What is the electrochemical potential energy difference?
500
Dimensionless number that determines whether blood flow is with laminar or turbulent
What is Reynold number?
Re = 2rvp/n
r= radius; v=velocity; n = viscosity; p = density of fluid
laminar flow less than 2000
turbulent flow greater than 3000
500
Spinal cord innervation of the diaphragm
What are C3-C5(phrenic nerve)?
500
Henderson-Hasselbach Equation
What is pH = pK + log(HCO3/CO2)?
500
Presidents born in the state of Virginia
President born in Virginia, though elected as president after serving as US representative and senator from Ohio.
Who are Ulysses Grant(18), Rutherford Hayes,(19) James Garfield(20), Benjamin Harrison(23), William McKinley(25), William Taft27), and Warren Harding(29)?
Who is William Henry Harrison(9)