PJS folks
Norwegian sociologist, founder of peace and conflict resolution academic discipline
Who is Johan Galtung?
Overt, human-initiated physical harm
What is direct violence?
A prism for seeing the way in which various forms of inequality often operate together and exacerbate each other
What is intersectionality?
The arena outside family, government, and market where people voluntarily associate to advance common interests
What is civil society?
Serve as trustworthy mediators and negotiators, observers, advocates, TRC chairs, and educators
How are religious actors involved in peacebuilding?
198 methods of nonviolent action
What did Gene Sharp develop?
A scenario of a conflict’s life history
What is a conflict curve?
What is negative peace?
“If you want peace, prepare for peace”
What is the motto of the World Order (Peace through the Power of Law) paradigm?
Grievance, efficacy, identity, emotion, and social embeddedness
What are 5 theories of motivations for protest?
Developed human needs theories
What did Abraham Maslow and John Burton do?
Indirect violence caused by inequitable customs, traditions, systems, and laws
What is structural/institutional violence?
“Lacking any desire to kill or harm”
What is ahimsa?
Consent of states, impartiality, non-use of force
What are the principles of the UN peacekeeping?
Cumulative trauma
What type of trauma is caused by living under abusive or unsafe conditions that are long-term & continuous?
Archbishop Desmond Tutu
Who was the chair of the South African TRC?
Essence of human relationships is competition, citizens are consumers, and democracy is defined by buying and selling
What do neoliberalists believe?
Introduction, story-telling, identifying issues, problem-solving/healing, agreement/resolution, celebration
What are stages of mediation?
Lists all human rights but is not legally binding
What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)?
Attempts to control thinking and action, leads people to adjust to the world, and inhibits their creative power
What does a banking model of education do?
Robert Bullard
Who is the founder of the environmental justice field?
Aims at making the ongoing conflict more beneficial and less damaging to all sides
What is the goal of conflict management?
People, interests, options, criteria
What are 4 tenants of principled negotiation?
Prioritizing one’s “big emotional experience” achieved through minor acts of charity or activism over tackling larger issues, like systematic oppression and corruption
What does White Savior Industrial Complex mean?
Focuses on the needs that crimes create & roles implicit in crimes (incl. survivor, perpetrator, their communities)
What does restorative justice do?