It is a thin film of carbon residue left on rock surfaces by organisms that have been buried under many layers of sediment.
What is carbonaceous film?
100
It is the principle of superposition.
What is the principle that states that in undisturbed layers of rock, the oldest layers are always on the bottom and the youngest layers are on the top.
100
They are examples of petroleum.
What are bitumen, coal, oil and gas.
200
It is how volcanoes form.
What happens when rock surfaces beneath Earth's crust push against one another?
200
It is called thrust faulting.
What is it called when sedimentary rock is squeezed from the sides and slabs move up and over each other like shingles on a roof?
200
They are trilobites.
What is an organism that date back to the time before dinosaurs and lived in warm ocean water?
200
It measures the amount of carbon-14 left in tissue to determine the age of the remains.
What is radiocarbon dating?
Bonus: What is the half-life of carbon-14? What does half-life mean?
200
It is where petroleum is most often found.
What are sedimentary rock basins?
300
It is called the "Ring of Fire".
What is the name of all of the volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean?
300
It is the difference between the Canadian and American Rockies.
What is whether sedimentary rock is on the surface or whether "basement rock" is on the surface.
300
It is why fossils are important.
What is (any of the following):
- tells us when, where, how organisms once lived.
- can reveal information about environment and climate
- gave evidence to Wegener's theory
300
It is how old the Earth is.
What is 4.5 billion years old?
300
It is how fossil fuels are formed.
What happens when organic matter is under heat and pressure for millions of years?
Bonus: Describe the conditions for coal, oil and natural gas to form.
400
It is a similarity between earthquakes and volcanoes.
What are events that happen at the boundary of tectonic plates?
400
It is a mountain that is jagged on the top.
What is a "young" mountain?
400
They are the conditions needed for fossils to form.
What happens when remains are protected from scavengers and micro-organisms?
Bonus: Give two examples of situations when this would happen.
400
They are the divisions of the geological time scale.
What are eons, eras and periods?
400
They are the three places in which oil and natural gas can be trapped.
What are thrust fault traps, normal fault traps, and reef trap?
500
Magma rises up through cracks in the rock and creates a lot of pressure.
What happens when a volcano erupts?
500
It is formed when rocks in the Earth's crust are too brittle to fold.
What is a fault?
500
It is evidence of animal activity (e.g. footprints).
What is a trace fossil?
500
They are the four eras.
What are Cenozoic, Mesozoic, Paleozoic and Precambrian?
500
It is a modern technology used to locate oil and gas.