Roots
What is the main function of roots?
To anchor the plant and absorb water/nutrients
What is the main job of the stem?
Support and transport water, nutrients, and sugars
What part of the flower attracts pollinators with color and scent
petals
What protects the seed from damage
Which part of the plant makes food for photosynthesis
leaves
What is the name of the tiny things that grow off roots and help absorb water?
Root hairs
What structure carries water upward toward the plant
xylem
What is the male part of the flower called
stamen
What is the baby plant inside the seed called
embryo
Cortex
What is the difference between a taproot and a fibrous root system?
Taproot = one large central root; Fibrous = many small roots spread out
What structure carries sugars down from the leaves
phloem
What are the three parts of the pistil (female part)
Stigma, Style, Ovary
What part of the seed provides stored food for the young plant
cotyledon
Name one way roots and stems are similar
Both transport water/nutrients, both can store food, both can anchor/support the plant
What type of root system is most common in grasses?
Fibrous roots
What layer of cells makes the stems grow thicker each year
Cambium
What is the difference between pollination and fertilization
Pollination = transfer of pollen to stigma; Fertilization = sperm + egg join in ovary to form seed
True or False: all fruits are sweet and edible to humans
false- some are dry, hard, and inedible
Why do tree trunks form rings
Cambium growth
Name one way roots can be specialized beyond absorption and anchoring
Storage, climbing, or aerial roots
Potatoes are an example of what type of specialized stem
Tubers
Why do some flowers bloom at night instead of during the day
They attract nighttime pollinators like moths or bats
Give two ways fruits help seeds spread
Animals eat them, wind carries them, water carries them, or they stick to animals
If a plant lost its stem, leaves, and flowers but still had roots, could it survive? Why or why not?
No, because it could not transport water/nutrients upward, capture sunlight, or reproduce