Plant anatomy
What tissue in a plant transports water from the roots to the leaves?
Xylem
What act provided land for the establishment of agricultural colleges in the U.S.?
Morrill Act of 1862
What type of plants have seeds that are "naked," not enclosed in fruit?
Gymnosperms
Which region is known as the origin of wheat and barley?
Fertile Crescent
What is the primary role of xylem in plants?
To transport water from the roots to the leaves
What is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy
Photosynthesis
Who is considered the "Peanut Man" for his contributions to peanut farming?
George Washington Carver
What are the two-word names used to scientifically classify plants?
Genus and Species
Name two crops that originated in Africa.
Coffee, millet, cowpea, rice
What was the focus of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938? Support for major crops like wheat, corn, soybeans, and rice
Support for major crops like wheat, corn, soybeans, and rice
Name the part of the plant responsible for gas exchange and water regulation
Stomata
What act, passed in 1887, funded agricultural research at land-grant universities
Hatch Act of 1887
What is the primary difference between monocots and dicots?
Monocots have one seed leaf and parallel veins; dicots have two seed leaves and branching veins.
Which region is the origin of sugarcane and bananas?
Southeast Asia/South Pacific
What is the function of the phloem in plants
To transport sugars and nutrients from the leaves to other parts of the plant
What are the three main parts of a leaf, and what are their functions?
Blade – Photosynthesis, Veins – Transport nutrients, Petiole – Connects leaf to stem
What two crops were mass-produced and developed as frozen or dehydrated foods after WWII?
Oranges and Potatoes into Orange Juice and Potato Flakes
What classification system focuses on how plants look and their physical structure?
Morphological classification
Which crops originated in the Americas
Pineapple and Cactus
How did early American farmers benefit from a surplus in trade
They began focusing on crops like tobacco, rice, and indigo
What is the difference between the vascular bundles of monocots and dicots
Monocots have scattered vascular bundles, while dicots have ringed vascular bundles
Name two to three new provisions introduced by the 2007 Farm Bill
Commodity Programs: Continued support for major crops like wheat, corn, soybeans, and rice through direct payments, disaster assistance, and price supports. Conservation: Expanded funding for programs like the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) to promote sustainable farming practices. Trade: Boosted U.S. agricultural exports through enhanced export promotion programs and international food aid. Nutrition: Increased funding for SNAP (food stamps) and school lunch programs to improve food security for low-income families. Energy: Promoted biofuels and renewable energy development, including grants for energy-efficient practices in agriculture. Research: Expanded agricultural research, particularly in biotechnology and specialty crops, to improve crop yields and pest resistance. Significance: Focused on energy independence, conservation, nutrition, and support for specialty crops, reflecting the evolving priorities in U.S. agriculture.
What are the four plant taxonomy systems, and what does each focus on?
Morphological – physical structure; Environmental – where plants grow; Agricultural – how plants are used; Phylogenetic –how they look/ genetic relationship
What modern medicine was mass-produced at the end of WWII
Penicillin