Gymnosperms/Angiosperms
Greek meaning for Gymnosperms
Naked Seed
Seeds that have one cotyledon, making the seedlings have one seed leaf
Monocots
Plants that complete their life cycle in one year
Annuals
Root system with one thick main root
Tap Root
Protective layer of cells
Epidermis
Greek meaning for Angiosperms
Covered seed or Enclosed seed
Seeds that have two cotyledons, making the seedlings have two seed leafs
Dicots
Plants that complete their life cycle in two growing seasons
Biennials
Transports water and minerals from the roots
Xylem
The outermost part of a flower that protects the unopened flower and supports the petals when it blooms
Sepals
Plants that produce seeds not protected by fruit
Gymnosperms
Vascular bundles are scattered
Monocots
Plants that produce for more than two years or growing seasons
Perennials
System with many small roots
Fibrous Roots
The male part of the flower
Stamen
Plants that flower and produce seeds protected by fruit or pods
Angiosperms
Vascular bundles are arranged in a circle
Dicots
Marigolds, pansies, petunias, melons, beans, and squash
Examples of Annuals
Transports food from the leaves
Phloem
Waxy coating that prevents water loss
Cuticle
Pines, Firs, Spruces, Redwoods, Ginkgo
Examples of Gymnosperms
The leaves have parallel veins
Monocots
Carrots, parsley, onions, cabbage, hollyhock, and black-eyed susan
Examples of Biennials
Grows from the stem or leaf of a plant
Adventitious Roots
Attracts insects and birds for pollination; usually conspicuously colored
Petals