Plants and Stimuli
A plant growing toward minerals and nutrients or away from acids/toxins ic called?
Chemotropism
what are trichomes?
prickly defense for herbivores that stick out of cuticle
what horomone triggers leaf and fruit abscission as well as flower fading and dropping
Ethylene
what are the 3 types of ground tissue?
Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma
a potato is an example of what type of stem?
tuber
plant roots growing in the direction of water is called what?
Hydrotropism
what is the name of the whole surface of the leaf?
lamina
what horomone is responsible for new growth in a plant?
Auxins
What tissue makes up most of the plant and is the site for photosynthesis?
Ground tissue
what is a rhizome? give a example
rhizome (ex: ginger) → underground stem
What is Thigmotropism?
when tendrils wrap around an object (automatic response)
what is the name of the waxy protective covering of a plant?
cuticle
what does Cytokinesis do? (3 things)
promotes cell division, Delays senescence in leaves, and Stimulates differentiation in meristematic tissue
what tissue is permanent and covers and protects the plant (ex: cuticle) while also controlling gas exchange (ex: stoma)
Dermal tissue
what is a bulb? give an example?
stem w/ visible layers ex: onion
What is Thermotropism? How do plants respond to this stimuli?
response of plant to different temperatures, leaves curl due to cold temps vs fan out in warmer temperatures
what is where a leaf is attached to the stem called?
petiole
what horomone does all 3?
stimulate seed germination
stimulate fruit and flower maturation
promote seedless fruit development
Gibberellins
what is the difference between the apical meristem and lateral meristem?
Apical meristems (tips of stems and roots grow longer) and Lateral meristems (increase girth/thickness)
gladiola is an example of what type of stem? describe this stem.
corm with no visible layers
What is gravitropism? What cells respond to this stimuli and how?
the response to gravity, statoliths (aka amyloplasts) with starch granules can respond to gravity, by growing upward
What is the name of the part of the plant in the leaves that can open and close? Why does it open and close?
Stoma (plural)/stomata(singular) → opening allows for gas exchange of O2 and CO2
what does Abscisic acid do?
accumulates in response to stressful conditions
inhibits stem elongation and lateral buds
induces dormancy in seeds
promotes synthesis of storage proteins and development of winter buds
causes stomata to close reducing water loss in winter buds when soil moisture is low
What makes up the vascular tissue? What does each part do?
xylem which transports water and minerals, through roots up into plant to the leaves
phloem which transports sugars down (glucose, product of photosynthesis)
what is an above ground stem? give an example
stolon ex: strawberries