Growth Habit
What type of plant is characterized by a single well-defined stem and a distinct crown that typically reaches a height of 15 feet or more?
What is a tree.
What is the term for leaves that grow in pairs directly across from each other on the stem?
What is opposite leaf arrangement.
What is a thorn, and what purpose does it serve for a plant?
What is a sharp, pointed stem or branch used for protection.
What shapes can flowers take?
What is tubular, bell-shaped, star-shaped, or irregular.
How can fruits be classified based on size? Provide examples.
Fruits can range from tiny berries to large gourds.
Which growth habit describes a plant that produces multiple basal shoots instead of a single trunk?
What is a shrub.
Differentiate between simple and compound leaves.
A single leaf blade attached to the stem by a petiole.
A leaf consisting of multiple leaflets attached to a single petiole.
Describe what a rhizome is and give an example of a plant that has this modification.
What is an underground horizontal stem that stores nutrients and produces new shoots, such as in ginger.
Discuss how the color of a flower can change as it matures or give an example.
Fruits come in various colors such as red, yellow, green, blue, and purple, often changing as they mature. Banana, strawberry, blueberry, etc.
Explain how fruit color varies and its significance in plant reproduction.
What is fruits come in various colors such as red, yellow, green, blue, and purple, often changing as they mature.
Define an herbaceous perennial and explain its growth behavior in colder climates.
What are plants with soft, succulent stems that die back in colder climates but regrow from roots and crowns in favorable conditions.
What does it mean if a leaf is described as glabrous?
What is a smooth, hairless surface.
What is the difference between a stolon and a tuber?
A horizontal above-ground stem that produces new plants, like in strawberries.
A swollen underground stem that stores starch, like a potato
In what seasons might different plants typically bloom?
Different plants produce fruit in different seasons, such as summer (berries), fall (apples), or year-round in tropical regions.
Describe how fruits can differ in shape and provide examples for each type.
Fruits exhibit a variety of shapes, including round (apples, cherries), elongated (bananas, cucumbers), oblong (mangoes, papayas), or irregular (jackfruit, pineapples).
What is a ground cover, and where is it typically found?
What is low-growing perennial plants suited for areas where grass struggles to thrive, such as banks, terraces, and shady spots.
Name two types of leaf margins and provide their descriptions.
Lobed – Deeply indented edges.
Serrated – Saw-toothed edges with sharp points.
Dentate – Toothed edges with outward-pointing teeth.
Entire – Smooth, unbroken edge.
How does a cladophyll function, and in what type of plant would you typically find one?
What is a flattened stem that functions as a leaf, as seen in cacti.
Describe the size range of flowers and give two examples for each end of the spectrum.
Ranges from tiny flowers (such as those in grasses) to large, showy blooms (such as sunflowers and lilies).
What are the seasonal variations in fruit production for different types of plants?
Different plants produce fruit in different seasons, such as summer (berries), fall (apples), or year-round in tropical regions.
Describe the characteristics of a spreading plant.
What are plants with horizontal growth that spread outward more than they grow upward.
Explain the difference between evergreen and deciduous foliage.
Evergreen – Retains leaves year-round.
Deciduous – Sheds leaves seasonally.
Explain the role of prickles found on some plants.
What is a small, sharp outgrowth from the stem surface, as found in roses.
What are some characteristics that distinguish tubular flowers from bell-shaped flowers?
What is tubular is more elongated and more narrow while bell is wider and more stout.
Discuss the importance of fruit characteristics in the survival and reproduction of plant species.
Fruit characteristics aid plant survival and reproduction by protecting seeds, enhancing dispersal (via wind, animals, water, or mechanical means), and ensuring successful germination under favorable conditions.