Green Algae
True or False: All life stages occupy aquatic habitat?
TRUE
What are some examples of nonvascular plants (Give 1).
Moss, Hornwarts, Liverwarts
What ecosystems do seedless vascular plants inhabit?
Aquatic and wet terrestrial habitats
Terrestrial
What ecosystems do angiosperms inhabit?
Terrestrial and aquatic
What ecosystems do green algae occupy?
Aquatic
What are rhizoids?
Anchor plant to substrate (soil, rock, etc) and absorb nutrients and water
What are xylem and phloem? What do they conduct?
Vascular Tissue
*Xylem: Conducts water and nutrients from root to shoot
*Phloem: Conducts carbohydrates and nutrients from shoot to root
What are the key vegetative characteristics of gymnosperms? (Give 2)
*Cuticle
*Stomata
*Vascular Tissue
*Lignin
How do angiosperms acquire nutrients and water?
Roots and vascular tissue
How do green algae acquire water and nutrients?
Absorbed across cell membrane
What is a cuticle? What is a stomata? (Must explain both to get points)
Cuticle: Waxy layer that prevents water loss from stems and leaves.
Stomata: Pores that allow gas exchange in photosynthetic tissues.
What are the key vegetative characteristics of seedless vascular plants? (Name 3)
*Cuticle
*Stomata
*Vascular Tissue (xylem and phloem)
*Lignin (provides structural support)
How do gymnosperms acquire nutrients and water?
Roots and vascular tissue
What are the key vegetative characteristics of angiosperms? (Name 3)
*Stomata
*Vascular Tissue*Lignin
What is the ecological importance of green algae?
Increased biological production and biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems by...
1. Food to consumers
2. Oxygen
What is the ecological importance of lignin and vascular tissue?
*Vascular tissue and lignin allow plants to grow tall and thus allow for increase terrestrial plant abundance, leading to increased terrestrial abundance and diversity.
What is a seed? What is pollen?
*Seed: Protects the embryo from desiccation and allow it to be retained and nourished by parent plant
*Pollen: Make gamete that is desiccation resistant-transported by wind or animal pollinators
Describe the reproductive cycle of angiosperms.
Diploid stamen (male) and ovary (female) develop haploid microspore and megaspore respectively through meiosis. Mitosis produces egg and more pollen which will then combine via fertilization. Through mitosis, the zygote develops into a seed surrounded by fruit which will germinate into diploid sporophyte.
Describe how green algae reproduce. Which is the dominant form of reproduction.
Asexual-mitosis
Sexual-variation (ex. flagellated sperm fuses with egg of another plant)
Mitosis is the dominant form of reproduction.
*Allowed for an explosion in biodiversity and production
Describe the reproductive cycle of seedless vascular plants.
The diploid sporophyte produces haploid spores through meiosis. Then through mitosis, a haploid gametophyte is produced. The gametophyte produces haploid gametes through mitosis and combine via fertilization and produce a diploid zygote that will develop int the diploid sporophyte.
What is the ecological importance of gymnosperms (historically and presently)?
First plants to reproduce in a dry habitat and increase food and habitat resources that enable increased biological production and diversity
What is the ecological importance of angiosperms (historically and presently)?
Fruit provides more food resources to primary consumers, enabling increased biodiversity and production