Basics
What are the 4 main organs of a plant?
Roots, Steam, leaves, flower (fruit)
What is the main function of roots?
Absorb water and minerals / anchorage
What is one function of the stem?
Support / transport
Which plant part absorbs water and minerals?
Roots
Is a carrot a root or a stem?
Root (taproot)
Which plant organ is responsible for photosynthesis?
Leaf
Name the three types of root systems.
Taproot, fibrous, adventitious
What is the difference between herbaceous and woody stems?
Herbaceous = soft, green; Woody = hard, brown
Which structure helps plants stay upright?
Stem
Which root system would a grass plant have?
Fibrous root system
What is the difference between vegetative and reproductive organs?
Vegetative = growth (roots, stems, leaves); Reproductive = reproduction (flowers)
Which root system has these characteristics?
-small size roots
-many fibers
-better attachement to the soil
Fibrous roots
What is a node and what grows there?
Leaves or buds grow at nodes
Which process happens in leaves to produce food?
Photosynthesis
Why do vines need support to grow?
They have weak stems and cannot support themselves
Explain why roots, stems, and leaves are considered vegetative organs.
They help the plant grow, absorb, and survive but do not reproduce
Mention 2 examples of adventitious roots
Bamboo, sugarcane, banyan tree, corn plant
Why is a potato considered a modified stem and not a root?
It has buds (“eyes”) and stores food like stems
Explain how roots, stems, and leaves work together to keep a plant alive.
Roots absorb → stem transports → leaves produce food
A cactus has a thick stem. What function does this adaptation serve?
Stores water
What are the types of plants according to the life span?
Annual, biennial, perennial
Compare taproot and fibrous root systems in terms of structure, depth, and function
Taproot = deep, one main root; Fibrous = shallow, many roots, better for soil stability
Name the 3 herbaceous modified stems
Tuber, rhizomes, climbing
Describe how structure and function are related in plants using one example.
Example: Thick stem in cactus stores water → function supports survival
A plant grows in dry soil and has long deep roots and small leaves. Explain how its morphology helps it survive.
Deep roots reach water, small leaves reduce water loss