Definitions
What is CO2's full form?
What is: Carbon dioxide
FACE full form
What is: Free-Air CO2 Enrichment Experiment
What are the two mentioned Pathways?
What is: C3 and C4
What is atmospheric CO2?
CO2 that is naturally in the atmosphere.
What is photosynthesis?
Sunlight + water + CO2 --> O2 + glucose
6CO2 + 6H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is nitrogen assimilation?
The process where inorganic nitrogen is converted to organic compounds like proteins/amino acids
When was the rainforest experiment started?
2023
Efficient in low light conditions
No extra energy needed
No special enzymes needed
Name 4 sources of how atmospheric CO2 is released
Sources:
Released through respiration, decomposition, volcanic and human activity
What allows plants to take in CO2?
What is: Stomata
What is phenotypic plasticity?
Environment changes can lead to trait (phenotype) change
CO2 levels were raised from about how many ppm to about how many ppm (two numerical values)?
475 ppm to 600 ppm
What are three benefits for the C4 pathway?
Maximizes CO2 uptake at higher temperature
Increased nitrogen use efficiency
Decreased water loss
What is the carbon cycle?
A continuous movement of carbon through the atmosphere, through organisms, soil, the ocean, etc.
What can limit the amount of growth plants experience with elevated CO2 levels (name 3)?
insufficient nitrogen or water
hot temperatures
infertile soil
competition
What is Asat?
Light-saturated CO2 uptake
What are 2 C3 plants and 2 C4 plants that were mentioned in the study?
C3: wheat, rice, soybeans, barley, oats, and potatoes
C4: Maize, Sorghum, Sugarcane, Pearl Millet.
C3
3-9% drop of zinc and iron
How is historic CO2 levels measured?
Extraction of ice cores that contain air pockets which can be used to measure historic CO2 levels
What does root growth do for a plant (name 2 things)?
Improve uptake of resources, increase underground competition, get deeper water sources, and change soil nutrient dynamics
What is ITE?
ITE= Instantaneous Transpiration Efficiency
It measures how efficiently a plant uses water to gain carbon
How did plant growth change? Specifics
17% increase in shoot growth
30% increase in root growth
What is another name for the C4 pathway?
Hatch Slack Pathway
What is carbon sequestration?
The capture and long term storage of atmospheric carbon
Where is the carbon that plants capture go?
It is distributed throughout leaves roots and stems