Plant Structure
What is the main function of roots?
Absorb water and minerals / anchorage
What is a meristem?
Region of active cell division
Which tissue transports water?
Xylem
What is pollination?
Transfer of pollen to stigma
What is a source in phloem transport?
Where sugars are produced (leaves)
Which tissue is responsible for photosynthesis?
Parenchyma
What type of growth increases plant length?
Primary growth
Which tissue transports sugars?
Phloem
Where are ovules found?
Ovary
What is a sink?
Where sugars are used/stored
What is the function of the cuticle?
Prevent water loss
What type of growth increases thickness?
Secondary growth
What drives water movement in xylem?
Transpiration pull (cohesion-tension)
What develops into a seed?
Ovule
What happens if stomata close during drought?
Transpiration decreases
What type of cells control stomatal opening?
Guard cells
Where does primary growth in plants occur?
In the apical meristems (root and shoot tips)
What happens if the phloem is removed (girdling)?
Sugars cannot move → plant eventually dies
What develops into a fruit?
Ovary
Why are wind-pollinated flowers not colorful?
They don’t need to attract pollinators
What is the difference between dermal and vascular tissue?
Dermal = protection; Vascular = transport
What is the role of apical meristems in plant growth?
They are regions of active cell division responsible for primary growth (increase in length of roots and shoots)
What are xylem cells like and in which direction does water move?
They are dead, hollow cells and water moves in one direction only, from roots to leaves
Why is cross-pollination advantageous?
Increases genetic variation
Explain one disadvantage of asexual reproduction
No genetic variation