What are the two ways that vascular plants can be divided?
Vascular plants are divided into seed and seedless plants. Seed plants are then divided into angiosperms and gymnosperms.
100
How do the rings on a tree help historians?
Helps them determine the age and the weather conditions. Thick layers means more water.
100
What are aerial roots? Give an example.
never touch the ground and get water from moisture in the air Ex. ivy, orchid
100
Where does photosynthesis take place?
chloroplasts
100
Where does cellular respiration take place?
mitochondria
200
What is a seed? Example of plant that uses seeds.
An undeveloped plant with stored food in a protective covering. Ex. Daisy, fir tree
200
What is the difference between xylem and phloem?
xylem= moves water up from the roots to the leaves
phloem= moves food from the leaves to the other parts of the plant
200
What are prop roots? Give an example.
like fingers from the bottom of the stem, support the plant Ex. corn, mangrove trees
200
What is the job of the stomata?
Regulates the amount of water and air that moves in and out of the leaves.
200
What are starch and cellulose?
complex carbohydrates made of thousands of simple sugar units
300
What is a spore? Example of plant using spores.
A single cell that can develop into a plant exactly like the one that produced it. Ex. Ferns
300
What are the two jobs of the cambium?
Separates the xylem and phloem and makes new xylem and phloem cells.
300
What are fibrous roots? Give an example.
thin, branching roots, like a net Ex. grass
300
What is the job of the guard cells? How do they work?
Guard cells open and close the stomata. They swell to close and shrink to open.
300
What is a carbohydrate?
the sugar that plants produce during photosynthesis; a group of substances made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
400
How can seeds be dispersed?
wind, water, animals (sticking to animal, deposited in waste)
400
What would happen if a plant did not have functioning phloem cells?
The plant wouldn't be able to transport food to the rest of the plant and the plant would die without sugar.
400
What is a taproot? Give an example.
one large, deep root with few branching, hairy roots Ex. carrot, dandelion
400
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
sunlight + 6H2O + 6CO2 ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2
400
What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy
500
What is the process of pollination?
Pollen is transferred from the top of the stamen to the pistil of the flower. The pollen travels down inside the pistil and joins with the egg. When the pollen and egg cells join, they form a seed.
500
What are the three parts of a plant? What does each do?
Root=anchor the plant, takes in water, stores food
Stem=supports the plant, transports food and water
Leaves=sugar is produced
500
Why are taproots hard to pull out of the ground?
Their roots reach deep into the soil and have small branching roots that grab onto the soil.
500
Describe the process of photosynthesis.
Leaves take in sunlight and carbon dioxide, roots take in water. The chloroplasts combine water and carbon dioxide with sunlight and produce sugar and release oxygen as a waste product.
500
Describe the process of cellular respiration.
The mitochondria break down sugar with oxygen. The cell produces energy and gives off water and carbon dioxide as waste products.