Leaf Me Alone (I’m Photosynthesizing)
This leaf tissue contains the highest density of chloroplasts.
palisade mesophyll
The inside of a root cell is negatively charged because this ion is pumped out.
Hydrogen (H⁺)
The primary force that pulls water upward through xylem.
transpiration (tension)
Transport in phloem moves from this location to this location.
source to sink
Blue light causes stomata to do this
open
This type of vascular tissue transports water and minerals upward.
xylem
These ions enter root cells through channels because they are attracted to the negative interior.
cations (e.g., K⁺)
Cohesion in water occurs because of this type of bond
hydrogen bonds
This type of cell loads sucrose into sieve tubes using ATP
What is a companion cell
This hormone signals drought stress in plants.
ABA
Root hairs are extensions of this tissue system
What is the dermal tissue system?
This root tissue layer contains the Casparian strip.
endodermis
This property of xylem walls helps water adhere and maintain a continuous column
adhesion
At the source end, loading sucrose causes this change in pressure.
an increase in pressure
ABA causes guard cells to lose these two components
ions and water
These two plant structures are considered sinks during early development.
young leaves and growing roots/flowers
Nitrate (NO₃⁻) enters root cells through cotransport with this ion.
H⁺ (HYDROGEN)
When soil water potential becomes more negative than root water potential, water moves in this direction.
from roots to soil
A shaded leaf can shift from being a source to this.
a sink
This three-step process describes how plants perceive and respond to signals
reception → transduction → response
This term describes environment-induced, non-heritable trait changes in plants.
phenotypic plasticity
This mutualistic association dramatically increases phosphorus and nitrogen uptake.
mycorrhizae
Explain why xylem transport does not require ATP
Because it relies on physical forces (cohesion, adhesion, tension) driven by evaporation, not biological pumping
Describe why phloem transport stops if ATP is lost at the source
Without ATP, sugars cannot be actively loaded, water will not enter, pressure will not rise, and flow cannot occur.
Systemin signalling leads to the production of these defensive molecules.
proteinase inhibitors