ATP/ADP
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Reactions
Cycles
100
ATP stands for....
Adenosine Triphosphate
100
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
6CO2 + C6H12O6 
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
6 carbon dioxide and 1 glucose go through cellular respiration to produce 6 carbon dioxide, 6 water molecules, and energy
100
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
6 carbon dioxide + 6 water molecules go through photosynthesis to produce 1 glucose and 6 oxygen
100
____ reactions build things up; ex: synthesizing proteins, dehydration synthesis, and synthesizing ATP to form ADP.
Anabolic
100
The Calvin cycle repeats ___ .
twice
200
How are the ATP and ADP bonds broken and formed?
Dehydration Synthesis (ADP ATP) and
Hydrolysis (ATP ADP)
200
What are the 3 main stages of cellular respiration?
1. Glycolysis - beginning stage - takes place in cytoplasm - at end of glycolysis: 90% of chemical energy is locked in bonds
2. Krebs Cycle - middle stage - continued into mitochondria with this cycle
3. Electron Transport - last stage
200
Where does photosynthesis take place in cells?
Chloroplasts
200
Catabolic reactions are _____ and release ____.
exergonic; energy
200
In the ATP/ADP cycle, the bonds break between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups to ____ energy that is used for cellular work.
release
300
Describe the difference between ADP structure and ATP structure.
ADP has 2 phosphate groups, 1 ribose-sugar, and 1 adenine (nitrogenous base) whereas ATP has 3 phosphate groups, 1 ribose-sugar, and 1 adenine (nitrogenous base)
300
Where does cellular respiration take place?
mitochondria and cytoplasm
300
What are the 2 stages that take place during photosynthesis?
1. Light dependent reactions
2. Light independent reactions
300
Anabolic reactions are _____ and _____ energy.
endergonic; absorb
300
This image represents which cycle?
Calvin Cycle
400
In ATP decomposition, energy is ______
released!
400
What is the function of cellular respiration?
To break down sugar molecules to release energy (in form of ATP).
400
List 4 factors that affect photosynthesis.
1. Quality of Light
2. Amount of Sunlight
3. Temperature
4. Amount of Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
5. Water Availability
400
What are the 4 phases of light dependent reactions?
1. Photosystem II
2. Electron Transport Chain
3. Photosystem I
4. Hydrogen Ion Movement and ATP Formation
400
What cycle goes along with the light independent reaction that can take place during photosynthesis?
Calvin Cycle
500
Which type of macromolecule is ATP and ADP?
nucleic acid
500
What does cellular respiration remove from the air?
oxygen
500
What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
To make food for plants (which store and release energy). Then that energy is used by the plant to preform cell activities in cell movement. Animals eat plants, or plant eating animals, for food (and energy).
500
Where do light independent reactions take place? Where do light dependent reactions take place?
stroma; thylakoid membrane
500
In the ATP cycle, ATP is ____ to form ADP, then the ADP is used to form ATP
hydrolyzed
600
Where is the energy stored in ATP?
In the chemical/covalent bonds; between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups
600
What are the 2 pathways of cellular respiration?
1. Aerobic - requires oxygen
2. Anaerobic - does not require oxygen
600
Chlorophyll can convert ____ energy to ____ energy.
light; chemical
600
Hydrolysis is the ____ of water. This is used for ATP to form ADP. Hydrolysis is exergonic/catabolic.
addition
600
What are the 3 stages that take place in the Calvin Cycle?
1. Carbon fixation (CO2 combines with RuBP with help from the enzyme, rubisco - that creates an UNSTABLE 6 carbon molecule that splits into 3PGA [a 3 carbon moleclue])
2. Reduction (NADPH and ATP are stripped of energy to make G3P [a 3 carbon molecule] that will go to make glucose)
3. Regeneration (RuBP is regenerated and cycle begins again)