Earth's Layers
What are Earth's compositional layers?
The Crust, Mantle, and Core.
Who proposed the hypothesis of continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
What is a volcano?
Is any place where gas, ash, or melted rock came out of the ground.
What is an earthquake?
What is deformation?
It is the process by which rock becomes deformed and changes shape due to stress.
What are Earth's physical layers?
Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer core, and Inner core.
What is Pangea?
About 245 million years ago, the continents were all connected in a single large landmass they call Pangea.
What is magma?
It is melted rock, which is less dense than solid rock so it rises to the surface.
Where do earthquakes happen?
They happen near or at tectonic plate boundaries.
What is shear stress?
It is stress that pushes rocks in parallel but opposite directions.
What is the densest layer of the Earth?
The Core.
What was formed when India and Eurasia collided?
The Himalaya Mountains
What is lava?
It is magma that has reached Earth's surface.
What animals are used to help search for earthquake victims?
Dogs
What is tension?
Is the stress that stretches or pulls rocks apart.
True/False
The outer core is a solid layer.
False
The outer core is a liquid layer.
What is a tectonic plate?
The pieces that the Lithosphere is divided into.
What is a vent?
A vent is the opening of a volcano.
What is a seismometer?
It is an instrument that scientists use to measure the movement of the Earth's surface.
What is compression?
It is stress that squeezes or pushes rock together.
What is the mantle?
It is the middle layer of Earth's layers and it is a hot, slow-flowing, solid rock.
What are the three types of plate boundaries? And how are they formed?
Convergent Boundaries - when two plates collide or move toward each other
Divergent Boundaries - when two plates move away from each other
Transform Boundaries - when two plates move past each other or slide past each other
What are the kinds of volcanic landforms?
Volcanic Mountains: Shield, Cinder Cone, and Composite
Fissures and Lava Plateaus
Craters and Calderas
What is a director scale?
It is a way to compare the size of one earthquake with the size of another.
What is folding?
It occurs when rock layers bend under stress.