Basic Knowledge
He is the scientist who proposed continental drift to help understand what Earth's tectonic plates are like.
Who is Alfred Wegener?
The Earth's geosphere contains three layers of this type.
What are Earth's compositional layers?
Here rocks change shape under stress.
What is deformation.
What is a vent.
The place within earth along a fault where the first earthquake movement happens is here.
What is a focus?
Earth's continents started all together as this single land mass.
What is Pangea?
Earth's interior contains five layers of this type that are often divisions of the Earth's compositional layers.
What are Earth's physical layers?
The youngest rocks are found at the core of a fold here. It looks like rocks arched up
What is the Syncline.
In an explosive volcano, these appear around a vent.
What are pyroclastic materials.
In this process, a rock returns to its original shape after elastic deformation.
What is an elastic rebound?
Molten rock from inside the Earth comes out of the ridges' cracks, cools, and forms new oceanic crust in this process.
What is sea-floor spreading?
Tectonic plates are divisions of this layer, which is a combination of the crust and the upper portion of the mantle.
What is the lithosphere?
Due to divergent boundaries a hind wall moves down relative to a foot wall.
What is a normal fault.
What is a fissure volcano.
This is a series of big waves that can travel upto 800 km per hour.
What is a Tsunami?
These areas old rock enters in sea-floor spreading include canyons, and they are why the Earth doesn't get bigger.
What are deep-ocean trenches?
This weak central layer of the mantle, which isn't the geosphere's central layer, might melt when tectonic plate behaviors occur. This contains slow moving rock.
This stress occurs at reverse faults. This stress squeezes or pushed rocks together.
WHat is compression.
This is not a single volcano and is very explosive emitting lots of pyroclastic material. This occurs mostly along convergent boundaries where subduction occurs.
What is a composite volcano.
These include danger to people, structures and result in floods and big debris.
What are hazards caused by earthquakes?
Plates move away from each other, allowing the asthenosphere to rise to the surface and partially melt, creating magma and lava, in this plate boundary.
What is a divergent boundary?
This is a way of transferring heat energy that occurs in the mantle. Here the movement of matter from density differences is caused by temperature variations.
What is convection?
This process makes land rise and also contributes to mountain building.
What is an uplift.
Hawaii was created at the middle of a plate where this triggered a chain of volcanoes.
What is a hot spot.
This fault is caused by transform boundaries where plates move against each other horizontally and shear stress is applied here.
What is a strike-slip fault?