earths layers
name the 2 types of crust on the lithosphere
oceanic crust and continental crust
who discovered the theory of seafloor spreading
harry hess
name the 3 types of plate boundaries
divergent, convergent, transform
name the 3 types of faults
strike slip, normal and thrust faults
where are most volcanoes located
the pacific ring of fire
whats underneath the lithosphere
the asthenosphere
what crust subducts into the asthenosphere during subduction
oceanic crust because it is denser
define a divergent plate boundary
exists between two tectonic plates that are moving apart.
name the types of fault that moves horizontally
strike slip faults
name the 3 types of waves that occur in earthquakes
primary waves (p-waves), secondary waves (s-waves) and surface waves
what kind of substance is the asthenosphere
mechanically weak and ductile
what causes new oceanic crust to form
rising magma from the asthenosphere cooling and turning into crust
what process occurs at divergent plate boundaries
seafloor spreading
name the 2 types of faults that move vertically
normal and thrust faults
what causes the formation of volcanoes
when magma from within the Earth's upper mantle works its way to the surface. At the surface, it erupts to form lava flows and ash deposits
what crust is denser, oceanic crust or continental crust?
oceanic crust
where does seafloor spreading occur
mid ocean ridges
define convergent plate boundaries
tectonic plates that collide.
what boundary will you find at strike slip faults at
transform boundaries
what type of wave is the most destructive
surface waves
what 2 things heats earths core
leftover heat from the formation of the earth and heat from the decay of radioactive elements.
what are 3 things that supported hess's theory of seafloor spreading
magnetic striping, sediment thickness and age of the seafloor
what happens when continental and continental crust collides (convergent plate boundaries)
The formation of mountain ranges
whats the definition of a fault?
a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock.
what causes tsunamis
When Transform boundaries occur in the ocean there is an underground earthquake which will also cause a Tsunamis.