An "educated guess" that requires experimentation (or further experimentation)
What is a scientific hypothesis?
100
In this type of plate boundary, plates are moving together
What is a convergent boundary?
100
The two most important factors affecting volcanic eruptions
What are the amount of dissolved gas and the viscosity of the magma?
100
This type of machine records earthquakes and produces a seismogram.
What is a seismograph?
100
The thinnest and outermost layer of the Earth
What is the crust?
200
The scientist who first proposed the Continental Drift hypothesis
Who is Alfred Wegener?
200
In this type of plate boundary, plates are moving apart
What is a divergent boundary?
200
Examples of these substances ejected from volcanoes include ash and rocks
What are pyroclastic materials?
200
This scale is now considered an outdated form of measuring earthquakes
What is the Richter scale?
200
This layer of the Earth makes up over 82% of the planet's total volume
What is the mantle?
300
The large land mass of Earth's continents formed hundreds of years ago; it began to break apart 250 million years ago
What is Pangaea?
300
In this type of plate boundary, plates are sliding past each other
What is a transform boundary?
300
The three main types of volcanoes
What are shields, composite cones, and cinder cones?
300
This scale eventually replaced the Richter scale; it includes values such as the amount of displacement along a fault line and estimates the energy released by earthquakes
What is the moment magnitude?
300
This type of wave cannot travel through the Earth's liquid outer core
What is an S-wave?
400
The Continental Drift hypothesis was eventually refuted because it did not account for the movements of this type of crust
What is oceanic?
400
This layer of the Earth is divided into the tectonic plates
What is the lithosphere?
400
The four types of volcanic landforms
What are necks, pipes, calderas, and lava plateaus?
400
Earthquakes often take place at this type of plate boundary
What is a transform boundary?
400
This type of map measures the elevations of different features on Earth's crust
What is a topographic map?
500
The Continental Drift hypothesis was eventually replaced by this theory
What is plate tectonics?
500
One piece of evidence (of four) for both the theory of plate tectonics and the continental drift hypothesis
What is the continental puzzle, matching fossils, rock types and structures, or ancient climates?
500
The three types of materials that can be ejected from a volcano
What are pyroclastic materials, lava flows, and gas?
500
The ___________ is the location in the Earth's crust where the earthquake originates, while the ______________ is the location on the Earth's surface directly above the origin.
What is focus and epicenter?
500
This type of rock is thought to be present in the Earth's interior, as when it is melted, it resembles lava from volcanoes in Hawaii.