Plate Tectonics
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Vocabulary
Fill in the Blank
100
Who is the person who suggested that all the continents were all connected as one large landmass?
Alfred Wegener
100
What is the instrument that measures seismic waves?
a seismograph
100
What is an opening in Earth that erupts gases, ash, and lava called?
volcano
100
The large landmass that means "all land"
Pangaea
100
______ is the most explosive volcano.
composite volcano
200
What is the theory called that states that Earth's crust and part of the upper mantle are broken into sections?
theory of plate tectonics
200
What are the waves called that are generated by an earthquake?
seismic waves
200
What is the area where Earth's plates are moving apart called?
Divergent Plate Boundary
200
Where are most volcanoes located?
Along divergent plate boundaries
200
_________ is the fastest seismic wave.
P-wave
300
What are the sections called that move on the plastic like layer of the mantle?
plates
300
How many seismograms are needed to find an epicenter?
3
300
What is the biggest type of volcano?
shield volcano
300
Where oceanic and continental plates collide and the oceanic plate plunges beneath the less dense continental plate
subduction
300
When hot rock is forced towards the cracks where it melts partially to form a _______
hot spot
400
What is the plastic like layer below the lithosphere called?
asthenosphere
400
What seismic wave causes the most destruction
Surface Waves
400
What does volcanic ash in the atmosphere do to Earth?
cool the temperature
400
When volcanic ash and debris rush down the side of the volcano
pyroclastic flow
400
The ________________ are all in line because the Pacific Plate is moving over a stationary hot spot.
Hawaiian Islands
500
When continental plates pull apart, they can form this.
a rift valley
500
What are the three different types of seismic waves called?
P-waves, S-waves, surface waves
500
What type of hazard is caused by a mudflow or debris flow from when a volcano erupted?
lahar flow
500
Where two continental plates collide, they push up crust to form mountain ranges
Convergent plate boundary
500
_________ are the easiest volcano hazard to outrun.
lava flows
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