Vocabulary
Structure of the Earth
Plate Boundaries
Plate Tectonics
Miscellaneous
100
The thinnest layer of the Earth
What is the crust
100
name the 4 layers of the earth in order
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
100
this boundary is where plates move apart
divergent
100
Earthquakes and Volcanoes are usually located along these
Plate boundaries
100
The Himalayan mountains are the result of a ___________________________ boundary.
What is convergent boundary
200
A number of rigid, but moving, pieces of Earth's surface
What is tectonic plates.
200
The thickest layer of the Earth
What is the mantle.
200
which boundary is the cause for most ocean trenches, volcanoes, & mountains?
convergent
200
The mid-ocean ridge is an example of a ____________________ boundary and ___________________ occurs here where new ocean floor is formed.
What is divergent boundary; sea-floor spreading
200
Hot air or liquid is less ________________ than cool air or liquid
What is dense
300
the mechanism, or driving force behind plate tectonics; rotating magma
Convection currents in the mantle
300
Plates float on top of the _______________________. (which layer of the geosphere?)
What is the asthenosphere
300
which boundary is responsible for earthquakes? how does it happen?
transform - the plates slide past each other & scrape
300
What makes up the geosphere?
all of earth's land/rock:
lithosphere (crust + upper mantle)
asthenosphere (lower, gooey mantle)
300
_________________ are a result from the build up of stress at a plate boundary.
What is earthquakes
400
What is it called when one plate sinks below another?
subduction
400
The rigid part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth)
What is the lithosphere
400
what kind of plate boundary can form new crust on the seafloor?
divergent - plates move apart & magma rises, then cools
400
This is the mechanism (what causes) the plates to move
What is convection cycles in the mantle
400
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ____________________ boundary.
What is a transform boundary
500
Although the hottest layer of the Earth, this layer is solid metal
What is the inner core
500
The Earth's crust is thinnest under the _____________________ and thickest under the _____________________.
What is thinnest under the ocean and thickest under the continents.
500
Which plate boundary can form volcanic islands/arcs? which plate is the one that subducts (oceanic or continental?)
convergent - the oceanic plate sinks
500
The two types of convergent boundaries
What is subduction (where volcanoes often occur) and collision (where mountains are usually formed)
500
Name one way the rock cycle related to plate tectonics.
Think about how igneous, sedimentary, & metamorpic rocks form
igneous - plates subduct & rock melts in the mantle, then cools from magma
metamorphic - needs heat & pressure deep in the earth's crust
sedimentary - from rocks breaking apart, pressed together