Vocabulary
Boundary where plates move towards each other
Convergent boundarie
Himalayan mountains get taller each year. Name the boundary type and two plate types (C or O).
Continental - continental converging
Explain how sedimentary rocks are formed
Rocks are broken down, compacted and cemented to form new rocks.
Boundaries where plates move past each other
Transform boundaries
Wegener's evidence for Continental Drift (2).
What are fossils and matching rock types/structures across continents, ancient climate evidence and the fit of the continents?
The mid-ocean ridge is an example of (boundary type). List the events/features (earthquake/volcano)
Diverging oceanic crust. Volcanoes and earthquakes.
Technology set up during the war that proves Plate Tectonics
Seismograph network (used for detecting explosions) tracks worldwide earthquakes
Marble is metamorphic. Describe properties and uses.
Marble - strong/hard, smooth, appealing. Used for statues, bench tops, art
Boundaries where plates move apart
Divergent Boundary
The name of the supercontinent and when it existed
Pangea approx 250 million years ago
At a mid-ocean ridge, is the crust newer or older closer to the ridge. Explain.
At the ridge, the crust is newer. As more lava rises, ridge push forces the crust away from the ridge as more takes its place.
It was found that the _________ of oceanic crust increased as you move away from a mid-ocean ridge. They also found strips of rocks of alternating polarity moving away from the ridges, supporting this theory.
Extrusive igneous (formation, properties, examples and uses)
Formed by lava cooling rapidly outside of a volcano (small/no crystals). Basalt is strong and used in building and construction. Pumice is rough and used for scrubbing dead skin.
The theory where the rigid lithosphere is broken into plates that move on top of the mantle.
Theory of Plate Tectonics
Why scientists and the community did not accept Wegener's theory.
He could not explain the forces moving continents, only that they moved. He was a meteorologist. There were other theories (land bridges)
Explain subduction zone. What happens to the oceanic crust and features/events.
Give examples of boundaries where: 1. volcanoes occur. 2. earthquakes occur
Earthquakes occur at all (earth is moving)
Volcano - converging O - C, O - O, diverging O - O
Examples and uses of: Intrusive igneous, Extrusive igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks
II - obsidian for weapons, EI - basalt for construction, S - limestone for concrete, M - slate for roof tiles
Seafloor spreading
Convection currents - hotter, less dense magma rises, cools and falls creating currents. Slab pull..subduction zone... ridge push...
Ways GPS tech proves the Earth moves (Plate Tectonics)
Track earthquake movement (parts of earth that move, stick and slip near boundaries)
Track continents moving over years (Aus moves 11cm north every year)
Show seafloor spreading at ridges- (with magnetic striping)
Explain 1. contact metamorphism. 2. regional metamorphism. 3. why metamorphic rocks are so strong.
Contact - magma burns/melts rock in direct contact to change the form. Regional - heat and pressure morph large areas (foliation). Heat and pressure result in parent rock stronger