What is the crust
Bonus 100: what are the other layers (in order)?
100
There are ______________ main layers of the Earth.
What is four
Bonus 100: what are the states (liquid/solid) of these layers?
100
He created the Continental Drift Theory
Who is Alfred Wegener
Bonus 100: which evidence did he present?
100
Earthquakes and Volcanoes are usually located in relation to these
What is a plate boundary
100
The Himalayan mountains are the result of a ___________________________ boundary.
What is convergent boundary
200
A number of rigid, but moving, pieces of Earth's surface
What are tectonic plates?
Bonus 200: What types of plates are there?
200
The thickest layer of the Earth
What is the mantle.
200
Evidence of matching animal fossils from two separate continents _____________________ and _____________________ supported the Continental Drift Theory
What is Africa and South America
200
The mid-ocean ridge is an example of a ____________________ boundary and ___________________ occurs here where new ocean floor is formed.
What is divergent boundary; what is sea-floor spreading
200
The youngest lithosphere
What do we find at the mid-ocean ridges?
Bonus 200: Where do we find the oldest lithosphere?
300
The process of one tectonic plate moving under another one
What is subduction?
Bonus 300: When does it occur?
300
______________is the thinnest part of the lithosphere
What is the crust?
Bonus 300: Tell me more about the lithosphere
300
Evidence of tropical plants were found on this continent
What is Antarctica
300
The deepest part of the oceans
What is an Oceanic trench?
Bonus 300: How are these trenches formed?
300
_________________ are a result from the build up of stress at a plate boundary.
What are earthquakes?
Bonus 400: Explain how they are measured
400
States that youngest rocks of ocean floor are at divergent boundaries, moving outward
What is seafloor spreading
Bonus 400: What is the evidence that it occurs?
400
The rigid part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth)
What is the lithosphere
Bonus of 400: where and how is it formed? Where and how is it destroyed?
400
Pangaea existed _______ millions of years ago
What is around 250 million years ago
400
This is the mechanism that causes tectonic plates to move
What are convection cycles in the mantle
Bonus 400: Which geological events (earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain formation formation happen at the three types of boundaries?
400
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ____________________ boundary.
What is a transform boundary?
Bonus 400: What other process happens at this boundary ?
500
A circular pattern caused by a temperature difference
What is convection?
Bonus 500: Explain what causes it and why it is relevant for the theory of plate tectonics
500
The Earth's lithosphere is thinnest under the _____________________ and thickest under the _____________________.
What is thinnest under the ocean and thickest under the continents?
Bonus 500: Which directions do the Pacific plate and the North American plate move?
500
Continental Drift Theory did not explain these
What are earthquakes, volcanoes and mountains.
Bonus 500: What was the first evidence to explain WHY the continents moved?
500
The two types of convergent boundaries
What is subduction (where volcanoes often occur) and collision (where mountains are usually formed)
Bonus 500: Where do we find examples of these boundaries?
500
______ was used to map the bottom of the ocean and discovered the mid-ocean ridge in the Atlantic Ocean.