Vocabulary
The single, large landmass that scientists believe covered the earth about 245 million years ago.
What is Pangea?
The three types of plate boundaries.
Convergent, Divergent, Transform
form primarily through plate tectonics at convergent boundaries (plates colliding/subducting), divergent boundaries (plates separating), and hot spots.
volcanoes
Huge underwater mountain ranges.
What are mid-ocean ridges?
What often happens at transform boundaries?
Earthquakes
Movements of the Earth’s lithosphere, which is divided into 12 giant pieces.
What is plate tectonics?
This type of plate boundary occurs when two plates collide.
What type of movement is when a heavier, denser plate slides under a lighter plate?
What is subduction?
The (newest / oldest) rock is closest to the ridge (top).
What is newest?
Where do earthquakes occur?
Along the plate edge (boundary)
Hot parts of the mantle rise and cool, dense material sinks, pushing the heated material up.
What is Convection?
This type of plate boundary occurs when two plates slide horizontally by one another, causing rocks to break and can cause earthquakes.
What is Transform boundary?
This type of movement occurs at divergent boundaries.
Plates moving apart, new crust forms from magma.
When magma rises through the cracks in the sea-floor, it hardens to form______________.
What is new crust?
What do convergent boundaries produce?
Mountains and Trenches
Molten rock from inside Earth rises through cracks in ridges and cools, forming new oceanic crust.
What is seafloor spreading?
Mantle convection can cause plates to move apart. What kind of boundary is this?
What is divergent boundary?
What causes tectonic plate movement?
What is convection?
These are formed when dense oceanic crust sinks down into the asthenosphere
What are ocean trenches?
What do divergent boundaries form?
Ridges and Rifts
A place where two plates meet is called a plate boundary. Name two things that can happen when plates move.
What are Earthquake, Volcano, Mountains, Continental drift?
What are the three types of CONVERGENT boundary movement?
Continent-Continent Collision, Ocean-Ocean Collision, Continent-Ocean Collision
Magma flows out of cracks between plates and hardens.
What is sea-floor spreading?
Why is Earth not getting larger if the sea-floor is spreading?
What is subducting and sinking in other places (subduction zones and trenches).
How many continents did Pangaea eventually split into?
Seven