a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action
What is the definition of "earthquake"?
100
divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries
What is the 3 types of plate boundaries?
100
inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust
What is the 4 main layers of the Earth?
100
a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust
What is the definition of a "volcano"?
100
the gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface through geological time
What is the definition of "continental drift"?
200
the sudden breaking of rock along a fault
What causes an earthquake?
200
a boundary that has two different plates that are moving away from each other
What is a divergent plate boundary?
200
the layer that makes up 67% of Earth's mass
What is the mantle?
200
a volcano that is spewing ash, gases, and other volcanic material
What is an erupting volcano?
200
a hypothetical super-continent that included all current land masses
What is Pangaea?
300
San Andreas Fault
What is a very famous continental transform fault that extends roughly 800 miles through California, home to many earthquakes?
300
a boundary that has two different plates that are moving away from each other
What is a convergent plate boundary?
300
the thin, outermost layer of the Earth that makes up 1% of Earth's mass
What is the crust?
300
a volcano that has had at least one eruption during the past 10,000 years
What is an active volcano?
300
a few centimeters each year
What is the amount of centimeters that the continents move, on average, each year?
400
any of various instruments for measuring and recording the vibrations of earthquakes
What is a seismograph?
400
a boundary that has two plates that slide against each other, also known as a strike-slip plate boundary
What is a transform plate boundary?
400
the inner core is composed of a ____-_____ alloy along with other light elements
What is an iron-nickel alloy?
400
a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur
What is the Ring of Fire?
400
the fossils of the plant Glossopteris, that grow only in tropical conditions, that were found on non-tropical continent _____________, which support the Continental Drift Theory
What is Antarctica?
500
the inventor of the Richter Scale, a numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of seismograph oscillations
Who is Charles Francis Richter?
500
the most active plate boundary in the world is in the __________________
What is the Pacific Ocean basin?
500
the crust is made of 47% _______
What is oxygen?
500
shield, cinder cone and composite cone
What is the 3 types of volcanoes?
500
fossils of the _____________ found on South America and Africa that further support the Continental Drift Theory