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100
What instrument measures the strength of an earthquake?
sieismograph
100
What is a result of transform plate movement?
earthquakes
100
What is a result of convergent plate movement?
volcanoes
100
What is a result of divergent plate movement?
volcanoes
100
What are the layers of the earth? Which layer contains the hydrosphere?
crust, mantle, core (inner, outer) The crust has the hydrosphere
200
An opening in the earth through which molten rock reaches earth's surface is called a _______.
volcano
200
What is the Richter Scale?
scale used to measure the strength of an earthquake
200
What are the two main gases in the Earth's atmosphere?
oxygen and nitrogen
200
Where do most volcanoes and earthquakes occur?
along plate boundaries
200
What is the difference between the hydrosphere and atmosphere?
Hydrosphere is all of the water on earth. Atmosphere is all of the gases that surround earth.
300
When does an earthquake occur?
shifting of rock along a break in the earth's crust (fault)
300
What is the earth's crust made of?
continents and ocean floor
300
What are two effects of earthquakes?
1. people are hurt and/or killed 2. homes and vehicles are destroyed accept reasonable answers
300
What are two effects of volcanoes?
1. people are hurt and/or killed 2. homes and vehicles are destroyed accept reasonable answers
300
Define magma.
molten rock mixed with gases inside the earth
400
If a volcano does not erupt for hundreds of years, what type of volcano is it?
extinct
400
If a volcano erupts somewhat often, what type of volcano is it?
active
400
If a volcano can erupt, but has not for a long time, what type of volcano is it?
dormant
400
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is inside the earth, waiting to come out. Lava is magma that has reached the surface of the earth.
400
How are mountains classified?
by how they are formed
500
What type of mountain forms when continental plates collide?
fold mountain
500
What type of mountain forms when a continental and oceanic plate collide?
fault-block mountain
500
What type of mountain forms when pressure from the movement of plates pushes magma up through the crust, but it never touches the earth's surface?
dome mountain
500
What is the theory of continental drift?
Earth was once a super continent called Pangaea. The super continent broke apart and drifted away.
500
Name and describe the three types of mountains.
1. Dome- full of magma, but lava never comes out 2. Folded- crumpled edges 3. Fault-Block- continental and oceanic plates collide
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