Layers of the Earth
Plate Tectonics
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Misc.
100
The thinnest layer of the Earth is the ___________.
The thinnest layer of the Earth is the crust
100
Earth's crust is divided up into pieces called _____________.
Earth's crust is divided up into pieces called tectonic plates.
100
Describe what an earthquake feels like
An earthquake feels like the ground is shaking
100
At which type of boundary(s) do we find volcanoes?
We find volcanoes at convergent and divergent boundaries.
100
There is a theory that states that all the continents used to be joined together in a super-continent. State the name of that theory and the name of the super-continent.
The Theory of Continental Drift, Pangaea
200
Name the three layers of the Earth
Crust, mantle, core
200
The tectonic plates move because of movement in the ___________.
The tectonic plates move because of movement in the magma in the mantle.
200
Earthquakes are typically found at which type of boundary(s)
Earthquakes are typically found at transform boundaries and convergent boundaries.
200
Describe one environmental effect of a volcanic eruption.
Air pollution, soil destruction, etc.
200
Explain why we cannot predict earthquakes.
Because the slip of the fault is very sudden, like snapping your fingers.
300
What is the mantle composed of? (made up of)
The mantle is composed of liquid rock
300
When two tectonic plates move TOWARD each other, we see a ___________ boundary.
When two tectonic plates move TOWARD each other, we see a CONVERGENT boundary.
300
An earthquake underwater will most likely cause a _________.
An earthquake underwater will most likely cause a tsunami.
300
Pliny the Younger described a volcanic eruption that occurred in 79 AD in ________________.
Pliny the Younger described a volcanic eruption that occurred in 79 AD in Pompeii
300
Two pieces of rock that aren't connected but are next to each other create a ______________.
Two pieces of rock that aren't connected but are next to each other create a fault.
400
How does magma move within the mantle? What is the name for this type of movement?
Within the mantle, hot magma rises while cool magma sinks. This is called a convection cell.
400
When two plates move AWAY from each other, we see a __________ boundary, and _____________ is created.
When two plates move AWAY from each other, we see a divergent boundary, and new crust is created.
400
What is the name of the instrument we use to measure earthquakes?
A seismograph
400
Many volcanoes are found around the Pacific Ocean. What is this area called?
That area is called the "Ring of Fire"
400
State the 3 types of evidence for the Theory of Continental Drift.
Puzzle pieces, fossils, mountain chains/rocks
500
Convection cells are responsible for ______________. (for 200, you can get a hint)
Convection cells are responsible for the movement of the Earth's plates
500
When two plates move side by side, we call it a _____________ boundary. This type of boundary causes a lot of _______________. One example of an area with this type of boundary is _____________.
When two plates move side by side, we call it a transform boundary. This type of boundary causes a lot of earthquakes. One example of an area with this type of boundary is California.
500
What is the name of the scale which compares earthquakes? The earthquake in Japan in 2010 was a ________ on that scale.
The Richter Scale. The earthquake in Japan was a 9.5 on the Richter Scale
500
Explain why volcanoes occur at both subduction boundaries AND at divergent boundaries (there will be two different answers here).
Volcanoes occur at subduction boundaries because as one plate goes underneath the other, CO2 in the oceanic plate is released and creates a weak spot in the continental plate, creating a volcano. Volcanoes occur at divergent boundaries because as the plates move apart, magma rises to the surface and creates a volcano
500
Explain how the Himalayas were formed.
As the Indian plate crashed into the Eurasian plate, the two continental pieces "smushed" up against one another, creating the Himalayan Mountain chain.
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