Defining Power
This type of power comes from attraction and persuasion rather than coercion.
What is soft power?
A situation in which two states increase security measures and unintentionally threaten one another.
What is security dilemma?
A widely accepted standard of behavior that is not a formal law.
What is a norm?
The U.S. Magnitsky Act, which freezes assets and restricts travel for foreign officials implicated in corruption or human rights violations, is an example of this tool used by IGOs.
What is sanctions and conditionality?
This term refers to the combined set of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the ICCPR, and the ICESCR.
What is International Bill of Human Rights?
This term refers to how power is distributed among states.
What is polarity?
The Cold War is associated with this type of polarity.
What are the main elements of terrorism?
What is (1) intentional (2)use or threat of violence (3) against civilians by (4) non-state actors to achieve (5) political, religious, or ideological goals?
What is the main difference between IGOs and NGOs?
Using migration flows strategically in negotiations is called this.
What is instrumentalization?
According to this IR theory, material power alone is not enough for sustained cooperation among states.
What is liberalism?
“All for one, and one for all, in responding to aggression.”
What is collective security?
The non-use of nuclear weapons is argued to be an example of this phenomenon.
What is taboo?
This type of activism works from the bottom up to generate political pressure.
What is grassroots activism?
Under realism, migration primarily raises concerns in this domain.
What is sovereignty and security?
According to this IR theory, material power alone is not enough for creating stable world order.
What is constructivism?
“Prevent war by convincing the other side that striking first will only hurt them.”
What is deterrence?
From a realist point of view, terrorists act irrationally. True or false?
What is false?
A regional IGO requires countries applying for membership to improve their human rights protections and democratic institutions before being admitted. What type of tool of enforcement is this?
What is socialization & peer pressure?
Problems affecting multiple countries with no single owner.
What is collective action problems?
The concept that describes spreading power across many states rather than concentrating it in the hands of a few.
What is power diffusion?
The theory that explains restraint through formal rules and organizations corresponds to this type of constraint on state behavior (THEORY + TYPE OF RESTRAINT)
What is liberalism and institutional restraint?
“By elevating some problems while keeping others invisible, this process helps determine what states, IOs, and the public even perceive as an international crisis".
What is agenda-setting?
Scholars use this term to describe competing institutions attempting to solve the same issue.
The overuse of shared resources captures this concept.
What is tragedy of the commons?