Chapter 1
What is the name of the group of plants to which grasses, flowers, vegetables, fruits and shrubs belong?
Angiosperms
___________ is the study of crops that require more intense and constant care, from planting through delivery to the consumer.
Horticulture
In the U.S., even though the number of farms is __________, the size of farms is ________.
a. decreasing, increasing d. decreasing, equal
b. increasing, decreasing e. none of the above
c. equal, decreasing
a. decreasing, increasing
Any organism that is a product of genetic recombination, which includes almost all organisms except those produced clonally or parthenogenically is called a _________.
a. MGO d. GMO
b. GSO e. none of the above
c. OMG
d. GMO
All plant populations within a given habitat and are usually considered to be interdependent are known as the__________.
a. ecosystem d. organisms
b. community e. none of the above
c. outside
b. community
Parasites that can grow outside the plant are called ____________.
a. facultative d. fostering
b. facilitative e. none of the above
c. fundamental
a. facultative
A key component in the relationship between climate and vegetation is _______.
a. soil d. sand
b. wind e. none of the above
c. water
a. soil
_____________ are the only terrestrial organisms that convert inorganic carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen,
and sulfur to organic forms through phtosynthesis.
a. Plants d. Carnivores
b. Animals e. none of the above
c. Vegans
a. Plants
Fuel that is produced from recently living organic matter is ________.
a. organic mass d. biofuel
b. green manure crops e.none of the above
c. cover crops
d. biofuel
The purposeful growing of plants to improve the supply of materials obtained from these plants is called __________.
Cultivation
Payments that are supposed to help farms stay in business, but end up as one more factor encouraging consolidation in the industry are __________.
Subsidies
Agriculture accounts for about ___ percent of energy consumption in North America and Europe.
a. 20 d. 2000
b. 2 e. none of the above
c. 200
b. 2
______________ does not allow the use of GMO’s and certain types of chemicals for pest control and fertilization.
a. Side dressing d. Row cropping
b. Organic farming e. none of the above
c. Integrated pest management
b. Organic farming
A _______________ can be defined as all the individuals of a species that inhabit a particular environment.
a. population d. community
b. ecosystem e. none of the above
c. atmosphere
a. population
When two organisms of different species, living together in close association for their mutual benefit have an obligate relationship is called ___________.
a. symbiosis d. fixation
b. symbolism e. none of the above
c. co-existing
a. symbiosis
A climbing or twining woody plant is called a ___________.
Liane
Organisms that can synthesize its own food from inorganic compounds via a process such as photosynthesis are called ___________.
a. extertrophs d. autotrophs
b. heliotrophs e. none of the above
c. heterotrophs
d. autotrophs
The starches and _________ in corn and switchgrass are fermented to produce ethanol.
a. sugars d. vitamins
b. carbs e. none of the above
c. minerals
a. sugars
Plant cultivation is believed to have been started in tropical and subtropical regions in the Middle east and _________.
Africa
The profitability of farmimg has been helped to some extent by ____________ the uses of staple crops and adopting alternative crops.
a. diversifying. d. abolishing
b. multiplying e. none of the above
c. signifying
a. diversifying
Increasing the use and efficiency of plant biomass and _________________ would be a way to utilize photosynthetically captured energy.
a. bio-based fuels d. bio-metrics
b. deforestation e. none of the above
c. condensation
a. bio-based fuels
Cultivated grains and grasses, fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals have become ___________ on human intervention to survive.
Dependent
When one or more organism draws on a resource that is in short supply, _____________ occurs.
Competition
Beans, Peas, and alfalfa are legumes. Legumes are ______________ plants.
a. oxygen-fixing d. nitrogen-demeaning
b. carbon-fixing e. none of the above
c. nitrogen-fixing
c. nitrogen-fixing
What type of plants accumulate nutrients in the roots and stems that are renewed from year to year?
a. forests d. biennials
b. grassland e. none of the above
c. annuals
b. grassland
Which of the following is not one of the six groups of cultivated plants?
a. cereal crops d. nut
b. oil crops e. none of the above
c. sugar
d. nut
About _______ percent of pharmaceuticals are based on plant products, and the rest are produced synthetically.
a. 5 d. 25
b. 10 e. none of the above
c. 15
d. 25
Some of the earliest products of the industrial revolution were ______ _________ for crop cultivation.
a. GMO’s d. farm implements
b. pesticides e. none of the above
c. gas engines
d. Farm Implements
Residential and _________ landscapes is a business that generates billions of dollars annually in the United States alone.
commercial
The demand for food and fuel is leading to ____________ in many tropical countries.
a. land slides d. deforestation
b. urbanization e. none of the above
c. urban sprawl
d. deforestation
Enough food is produced globally to feed _________ of the world’s population.
a. 100% d. 10%
b. 50% e. none of the above
c. 25%
a. 100%
____________ exist when a resource is partitioned so that different portions of it are accessible to only certain species.
a. Devastation d. Niches
b. Communities e. none of the above
c. Similarities
d. Niches
An organism deriving its nutrients from the dead body or the nonliving products of another plant or animal is a ___________.
a. endophyte d. all of the above
b. cryptonyte e. none of the above
c. saprophyte
c. saprophyte
What is the largest and second largest biomes?
Desert
Taiga
Only about _____ percent of cropland is devoted to fiber crops, both in the U.S. and worldwide.
a. 2.5 d. 20
b. 5.5 e. none of the above
c. 10.5
a. 2.5
Ornamental crops are much more ______________ than other crops, accounting for nearly 20 % of U.S. agricultural labor costs.
a. pricey d. sought after
b. expensive e. none of the above
c. labor intensive
a. pricey
The study of field-grown crops such as wheat, soybeans, corn, forages, and those used for industrial purposes is called ___________.
Agronomy
The world population shows signs of stabilizing at about nine billion in the year _______.
2050
A recent threat to agriculture is _____________.
a. global warmimg d. GMO’s
b. deforestation e. none of the above
c. bioterrorism
c. bioterrorism
_____________ is the systematic approach to understanding and solving a problem.
a. Scientific study d. Systemics
b. Step-by-step e. none of the above
c. Sycronized method
e. none of the above
An organism that must live as a parasite and cannot otherwise survive is a/an ______________.
a. dependent parasite d. obligate parasite
b. hemi-parasitic e. none of the above
c. fully-parasitic
d. obligate parasite
The ________ is the main influence on the type of vegetation that develops.
a. amount of sunlight d. amount of rain
b. climate e. none of the above
c. liane
b. climate
The atmospheric environmental conditions in the immediate vicinity of the plant, including interchanges of energy, gases, and water between atmosphere and soil.
a. invisible climate d. immediate climate
b. macroclimate e. none of the above
c. microclimate
c. microclimate
What is the most important and best known plant fiber crop?
a. corn d. soybeans
b. wheat e. none of the above
c. silage
e. none of the above
Cotton
What are the first leaves that you see after germination called.
Cotyledons