Cellular Respiration
This molecule is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration.
What is oxygen (O₂)?
The organelle where photosynthesis takes place.
What is the chloroplast?
He discovered the principle of transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Who is Frederick Griffith?
This famous group of birds helped Darwin develop his theory of evolution due to their diverse beak shapes.
What are Darwin’s finches?
This concept defines species as groups that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
What is the biological species concept?
Glycolysis splits one glucose into this many pyruvate molecules.
What is two?
This photosystem oxidizes water to replace lost electrons.
What is Photosystem II [P680]?
These bases pair together in DNA through two hydrogen bonds.
What are adenine and thymine?
These researchers studied beak depth in finches and confirmed natural selection occurs year-to-year.
Who are Peter and Rosemary Grant?
This type of speciation happens without geographic separation.
What is sympatric speciation?
This molecule combines with acetyl-CoA to form citrate.
What is oxaloacetate?
The main pigment responsible for light absorption in plants.
What is chlorophyll a?
DNA replication is described by this model, where each new molecule has one old and one new strand.
What is the semiconservative model?
Structures that have no function but resemble ancestral forms are called this.
What are vestigial structures?
This term describes the process where one species gives rise to many to fill various ecological roles.
What is adaptive radiation?
This process uses a proton gradient to synthesize ATP.
What is chemiosmosis?
This enzyme catalyzes the fixation of CO₂ to RuBP.
What is rubisco?
This enzyme joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.
What is DNA ligase?
This fossil species is considered a link between dinosaurs and birds.
What is Archaeopteryx?
This evolutionary pattern involves long periods of stability interrupted by rapid change.
What is punctuated equilibrium?
In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells regenerate NAD⁺ through this process.
What is [ethanol] fermentation?
This type of photosynthesis minimizes photorespiration by separating steps into night and day.
What is CAM photosynthesis?
This repair mechanism uses light to reverse UV-induced thymine dimers.
What is photorepare [by photolyase]?
These nonfunctional genes in an organism's genome hint at evolutionary ancestry.
What are pseudogenes?
This phenomenon happens when natural selection favors traits that prevent hybridization.
What is reinforcement?