Ethics
A set of guidelines that outlines expected behaviors and decision-making principles within a profession or organization.
What is a code of ethics?
This type of communication ensures messages are brief, to the point, and free of unnecessary details.
What is concise communication?
The degree to which a product or service meets customer expectations and requirements.
What is quality?
This estimating method uses statistical relationships and historical data to calculate costs or durations.
What is parametric estimating?
An employee submits a progress report and provides feedback to their manager about challenges in a project. This is an example of what type of communication?
What is upward communication?
These are ideal principles professionals strive toward, even though they are not strictly enforced or punishable.
What are aspirational standards?
This communication style involves carefully reviewing and managing information before it is shared to ensure accuracy and appropriateness.
What is controlled communication?
These are costs associated with inspecting, testing, and evaluating products to ensure they meet standards.
What are appraisal costs?
This method involves estimating individual components of a project and then combining them to get a total estimate.
What is bottom-up estimating?
A quality team plots data points on a graph to determine if there is a relationship between two variables, such as hours worked and number of defects. What tool are they using?
What is a scatter diagram?
These standards must be followed and can result in disciplinary action if violated.
What are mandatory standards?
Communication that occurs between individuals or groups at the same organizational level is known as this.
What is horizontal communication?
A data-driven methodology focused on reducing defects and improving processes to near perfection (3.4 defects per million).
What is the Six Sigma Approach?
This tool clarifies team roles by identifying who is Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed.
What is a RACI matrix?
A company improves its processes by creating standards, training employees, and preventing defects before they occur—rather than just inspecting finished products. What concept is this?
What is quality assurance?
A company decides to lay off 10 employees to prevent bankruptcy and save 200 jobs. This decision reflects which ethical theory focused on the greatest good for the greatest number?
What is utilitarianism?
A manager sends out a company-wide email update to all employees. The message is delivered without expecting immediate feedback.
What is push communication?
A team creates a diagram shaped like a fish skeleton to identify root causes of a production problem.
What is a fishbone diagram?
A hierarchical chart that breaks down all project resources into categories such as labor, materials, and equipment.
What is a Resource Breakdown Structure?
A newly formed team experiences conflict as members challenge ideas and compete for roles before eventually working more effectively together. This phase of team development is known as what?
What is the storming stage (of Tuckman's stages of group development)?
This ethical theory argues that actions are right or wrong regardless of outcomes, based on fixed rules or principles.
What is absolutism?
Employees log into a shared drive to access training materials whenever they need them.
What is pull communication?
A company analyzes data and finds that 80% of defects come from 20% of causes, displaying the results in a bar graph.
What is a Pareto chart?
Two team members disagree, and each gives up something to reach a middle-ground solution.
What is compromise (conflict strategy)?
A project manager tracks how materials, equipment, and team members are being used, making adjustments to prevent shortages or overuse during the project. What process is this?
What is control resources?
A project manager follows company policy exactly, even though bending the rules could help a struggling client. This reflects which ethical theory?
What is absolutism?
A team holds a live Zoom meeting where members ask questions and respond in real time.
What is interactive communication?
This process uses statistical methods to monitor and control production, ensuring consistent quality over time.
What is statistical quality control?
During a disagreement, a project manager makes a quick decision using authority, prioritizing speed over team agreement.
What is force (conflict strategy)?
A project manager interviews candidates, negotiates with vendors, and assigns team members to ensure the project has the people and materials it needs. What process is this?
What is acquire resources?