Scientific Investigations
Potential and Kinetic Energy
Forces
Scientific Theories and Knowledge
RANDOM: Could be anything!
100
Why is it important for a scientific investigation to be replicable?
- So the investigation and results are accurate and reliable.
- So other scientists can replicate the investigation and compare the results to see if they are valid.
100
What is the type of energy that describes motion?
Potential or Kinetic?
Kinetic energy
100
What is the difference between a contact force and non-contact force?
BONUS POINTS (200 POINTS) if you can correctly categorize each of our 7 forces.
Contact forces have to touch, non-contact does not have to touch, it can act from a distance.
Contact: Friction, applied, normal, air resistance
Non-contact: Gravity, Electrical, Magnetism
100
TRUE OR FALSE: Scientific theories can change.
TRUE! When scientists collect new evidence that is valid, it can eventually change (update) scientific theories.
100
Why do scientists complete 3 trials during an experimental investigation instead of just 1 trial?
To make sure their results are accurate and valid.
200
What is a control group?
The group that does NOT get tested, all variables in this group stay the same.
200
TRUE OR FALSE: Total energy can increase or decrease.
FALSE!!! Total energy is ALWAYS 100% (the type of energy changes: potential to kinetic)
200
As mass increases, gravity (increases or decreases)?
As mass increases, gravity increases.
200
Should scientists include their opinions in a scientific theory?
NO! Theories are based on evidence that is confirmed by other scientists.
200
List 5 key words that describe potential energy.
Stopped, still, at the top, held, resting, not moving, stationary, in position,
or anything else you can think of that makes sense.
300
What is a reason (or benefit) a scientists would choose to do an observational experiment?
Scientist can gather data from the natural world without affecting it.
Scientists can make observations without any interference.
300
A roller coaster is at the top of a hill, what type of energy does it have?
Potential energy.
300
What type of force is this: Two charged objects will attract(pull) or repel (push) when brought near each other.
Electrical or Electrostatic
300
What is the difference between a scientific theory and an everyday casual theory?
A scientific theory is based on evidence, while an everyday theory is usually a 'hunch' or 'guess' based on personal beliefs/experiences.
300
A book is resting on table. What type of force is occuring?
Normal force: the book is not moving.
400
After reviewing a scientist's experiment, Mariah found mistakes in his methods and conclusion. What should she do next?
She can replicate the experiment to compare her results to see if she gets the same or similar.
400
A student was observing a toy car traveling on a ramp.
What change would cause the toy car to move faster?
What type of energy does the car have at the top of the ramp?
Increase the height
Potential energy at the top, transforms to kinetic energy at the bottom
400
As distance increases between two objects (moves farther away) what happens to the gravitational force?
It decreases. (It gets weaker, less gravity.)
400
What should scientists do with old theories once new discoveries are made?
Do scientists throw out evidence or theories?
Scientists can update the old theories with the new discoveries based on evidence.
THEY NEVER THROW THEM AWAY. They add to them or update the theories.
400
Ty and Crystal are investigating how many drops of water fit on a penny but found different results in their data. Since their data was different, what should they do next?
Compare the methods (steps, procedures) they used.
500
A student tests whether fertilizer makes plants grow taller. She gives fertilizer to 2 plants, but not the 3rd plant. What kind of investigation is this?
An experimental investigation.
BONUS POINTS (100 POINTS): Which plants are in the control group?
500
What is the energy transformation between ball 1 and ball 3?
Potential energy to kinetic energy.
500
A scientist is investigating the forces acting on a ball rolling down a ramp. Which 2 types of forces would the scientist observe?
Gravity (or air resistance) and Friction.
500
Can a scientific theory become a law? Why or why not?
No because they are two different things.
Laws describe what something is.
Theories describe how or why.
Both are based on **evidence**
500
Gabby gave three sunflower plants different liquids and measured how tall they grew each week. She wanted to see how each liquid affected growth. What type of investigation did she carry out?
A comparative investigation.