Structure & Function
Name this blood flow that moves from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.
What is coronary blood flow?
This sound represents the closing of the semilunar valves.
What is dub (S2)?
Name the condition in which too much of this mineral can lead to muscle twitches and cramps, followed by muscular weakness and a slow, irregular heart rate, weak pulses, and reduced blood pressure.
What is hyperkalemia?
Name this invasive diagnostic X-ray test used to visualize the veins and evaluate how blood flows through them.
What are venography studies?
Name this medication, also known as a water pill, that treats hypertension.
What is a Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)?
This first-line medication for hyperlipidemia requires monitoring for unexplained muscle pain or weakness, which may indicate rhabdomyolysis.
What are Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors)?
A provider orders 750 mg of Erythromycin. You have 250 mg capsules available. Calculate the number of capsules you administer.
What is 3 capsules?
Steps: 750 mg (Desired) ÷ 250 mg (Have) = 3 capsules.
Name this middle serous membrane that lines the fibrous layer of the heart.
What is the parietal pericardium?
The aortic area can be heard in this location.
What is the second ICS, right of the sternum?
Name this enzyme may rise 4 to 6 hours after cardiac cells are damaged and peaks in 15 to 20 hours, then usually returns to normal in 24 to 36 hours.
What is CK-MB?
Name this diagnostic test that may identify abnormalities related to conduction, rate, rhythm, heart chamber enlargement, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, and electrolyte imbalances.
What is an electrocardiogram (ECG)?
Name this medication that inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending portion of the loop of Henle.
What are loop diuretics? (Furosemide and Torsemide)
Often prescribed for hypertension, this class of drugs frequently causes a persistent, dry, nonproductive cough, leading many patients to switch to an ARB.
What are ACE Inhibitors?
The order is for 60 mg of Gentamicin IM. The vial is labeled 80 mg / 2 mL. Calculate the amount of mLs you will draw up.
What is 1.5 mL?
Steps: (60 mg ÷ 80 mg) × 2 mL = 0.75 × 2 = 1.5 mL
Name what flows through the left side of the heart, entering from the lungs and being pumped out to the rest of the body.
What is oxygenated blood?
List all the heart's auscultation points.
What are the Aortic, Pulmonic, Erb's point, Tricuspid, and Mitral?
All
People
Eat
Three
Meals
Name this amino acid that is reduced in the blood when eating green leafy vegetables and grains fortified with folic acid, as well as vitamin B.
What is homocysteine?
Name this ultrasound procedure that records the motion of the heart structures, including the valves and chambers, as well as the heart size, shape, and position.
What is an echocardiogram?
Name these medications that inhibit the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the early distal tubule of the nephron.
What are thiazides and related diuretics?
This antihyperlipidemic, also known as Vitamin B3, is notorious for causing intense facial flushing, which can be mitigated by taking aspirin 30 minutes prior.
What is Niacin?
A patient weighing 112 lbs is prescribed Heparin. Calculate the patient’s weight in kilograms. (Round to the nearest whole number).
What is 51 kg?
Steps: 112 lbs ÷ 2.2 lbs/kg = 50.909... kg. Rounded to 51 kg
Name the end product that coronary circulation returns to the right atrium via the coronary sinus.
What is deoxygenated blood?
Name this low-pitched galloping heart sound that usually occurs when patients have conditions such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and/or pulmonary stenosis.
What is S4?
Name the condition when there is too little of this essential mineral, causing cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, and tachycardias.
What is hypomagnesmia?
Name this diagnostic tool, which is useful for identifying ischemia and heart damage as well as other conditions affecting the heart.
What is a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)?
Name the side effects caused by OTC diuretics.
What are dehydration and electrolyte imbalances?
Nurses must assess both blood pressure and apical pulse before giving this drug class, which typically ends in the suffix "-lol".
What are Beta Blockers?
The provider orders 0.5 mg of Digoxin IV. The pharmacy provides a vial with a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL. Calculate the amount of mLs you will administer.
What is 2 mLs?
Steps: 0.5 mg (Desired) ÷ 0.25 mg (Have) × 1 mL = 2 mL
This valve prevents the backflow of blood into the left atrium during ventricular systole.
What is the mitral valve (aka AV valve or bicuspid valve)?
Name the sign that occurs from inflammation of the pericardium.
What is pericardial friction rub? Pericarditis is the condition.
Lipids include these three additional biological molecules.
What are triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids?
What is cardiac catheterization?
Name the electrolyte imbalance that would develop for a patient taking a loop or thiazide diuretic.
What is hypokalemia?
This "Very Nice Drug" group, which includes verapamil and diltiazem, works by relaxing vascular smooth muscle and is used for both hypertension and angina.
What are Calcium Channel Blockers?
Order: Furosemide 40 mg IV bolus. Available: Furosemide 10 mg/mL. Calculate the amount of mLs the nurse should administer.
What is 4 mLs?
Steps: 40 mg (Desired) ÷ 10 mg (Have) × 1 mL = 4 mL