Endocrine Function
The hormone produced by the adrenal medulla responsible for the "fight-or-flight" response.
What is epinephrine?
A nursing student finds a patient who is cool, clammy, and anxious. This is the condition the nurse should suspect.
What is hypoglycemia?
The most common adverse effect associated with insulin administration.
What is hypoglycemia?
A patient has a blood glucose level of 65 mg/dL. The nurse should provide this type of immediate intervention.
What is administering a fast-acting carbohydrate (e.g., orange juice)?
To prevent the most common side effect of insulin, the nurse must teach the patient to do this in relation to their meals.
What is eat within 15 minutes of injecting rapid-acting insulin?
This gland secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which controls the function of the thyroid gland.
What is the anterior pituitary gland?
The hallmark clinical manifestation of diabetes, sometimes described as "hot and dry."
What is hyperglycemia?
The first-line oral hypoglycemic drug for most patients with type 2 diabetes that works by decreasing liver glucose production.
What is metformin?
A diabetic patient reports vivid dreams and wakes up with damp sheets and irritability. The nurse knows this is a symptom of this condition, also known as the Somogyi effect.
What is nighttime hypoglycemia?
An important part of patient education for a client starting on corticosteroids is this instruction regarding medication discontinuation.
What is tapering the dose, rather than stopping abruptly?
The type of loop that occurs when high levels of thyroxine and T3 suppress the production of TRH and TSH.
What is negative feedback?
When assessing a patient with a metabolic disorder like hypothyroidism, the nurse expects to find this common environmental temperature disorder.
What is cold intolerance?
This class of antidiabetic drugs works by stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to release more insulin.
What are sulfonylureas (e.g., glipizide, glyburide)?
A nurse teaches a patient about insulin injection sites. This is the complication that can occur if the patient does not rotate sites.
What is lipodystrophy?
The nurse is educating a diabetic patient on meal planning. The nurse explains that this macronutrient has the greatest effect on blood glucose levels.
What are carbohydrates?
An excess of growth hormone (GH) after puberty can cause this condition, characterized by enlarged hands, feet, and facial features.
What is acromegaly?
A nursing student notes that a diabetic patient's skin shows pitting edema and their urine output is decreased. The student should collect further data related to this potential complication.
What is diabetic nephropathy (kidney disease)?
The only type of insulin that can be administered intravenously in an emergency setting.
What is regular insulin?
The nurse finds a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) exhibiting Kussmaul respirations. The nurse recognizes this breathing pattern as the body's compensatory mechanism for this metabolic imbalance.
What is metabolic acidosis?
A patient with Graves' disease asks about management. The nurse explains that non-invasive interventions include avoiding stressful situations and providing a cool, quiet environment to reduce this.
What is stimulation of the thyroid gland?
The primary function of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) is to regulate the body's levels of this specific electrolyte.
What is calcium?
When assessing a patient with Cushing's syndrome, the nurse expects to find these two common integumentary manifestations.
What are thin, fragile skin and purple striae?
The most serious complication associated with the use of metformin, which the nurse should monitor for.
What is lactic acidosis?
The nursing student recognizes that a patient taking a beta-blocker may not show the classic signs of hypoglycemia because this is masked.
What is adrenergic signs (tachycardia, tremors)?
When caring for a patient with an adrenalectomy, the nurse must closely monitor for signs of adrenal insufficiency and prepare to administer these medications.
What are glucocorticoids (e.g., hydrocortisone)?