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condition in which people cannot understand or express themselves using language
Aphasia
To avoid withdrawal symptoms in the dying patient the nurses remembers
do not abruptly stop using pain medications
this type of care focuses on end-of-life care to maximize comfort and emotional support
hospice care
during this stage of Dr. Kubler Ross's stages of grief the emotions of guilt and remorse are quite prevalent in this stage.
bargaining stage
Older adults who grew up during the Great Depression of the 1930s is careful about available resources, and it reflects in their spending habits. They tend to be very ____
Frugal
this is the avoidance of thinking about distressing situations
suppression
this is a symptom of depression
irritability
Factors like ____ ______, gender, age, life experiences, and religion that affects the decision-making processes and care during the end-of-life
cultural background
this medication can be used to provide comfort to the patient when the patient has declined aggressive medical treatment but feels shortness of breath that cannot be overcome through nonpharmacologic interventions.
Morphine
during this stage of Dr. Kubler Ross's stages of grief the intensity of loss makes the survivor feel numb
denial stage
The patient is included in the ______ _______ of end-of-life care before a health crisis is most suited to a dying patient
decision-making process
providing the appropriate care for an older adult who requests access to spiritual care
Caregivers must respect the beliefs and values of the older adult.; Spiritual beliefs can instigate unpleasant emotions such as hatred, anger, and fear; Spiritual beliefs are a source of strength for many people.
interventions to minimize gastrointestinal changes in a dying patient
The patient should be encouraged to eat food in an adequate amount. Report to the practitioner if any medication causes nausea. Position the patient in a Fowler's position to avoid aspiration.
during this stage of the sleep cycle there is an increase in duration with each sleep cycle and because of the activation of brain areas, full-color dreaming can occur during this stage
what is Rapid-eye-movement (REM) stage
Cultural competence is defined as a set of behaviors that includes understanding of cultural beliefs and values while maintaining awareness of beliefs and values.
setting up a universal altar in the institution
progressive neurologic disorder that destroys the brain cells, eventually leading to neural failure and then death. It is a common cause of death in adults ages 65 and older.
Alzheimer disease
in depression one of the goals for treatment is the reduced risk for relapse and recurrence and ___ ____ ___ ____.
improved quality of life
this type of care is given to patients with advanced chronic illness (like emphysema, cancer or ESRD) to provide relief from the symptoms and stress from it.
palliative care
Maugan’s SPIRIT mnemonic for spiritual assessment is a tool to enable this with each of the letter denoting a specific aspect of spirituality; the R stands for
Ritualized practices such as daily practices, restrictions, and their significance
indicator of loss of hearing ability as a result of aging is the older adult will complain that other people around them are
mumbling
factors that would be considered as a cause of the change when a nurse evaluating an older adult finds that values and beliefs have been altered
Severe illness, Loss of a spouse, Financial loss, Inability to go to church
delirium can show signs like _______, disorientation and perceptual disturbances, possible visual and auditory hallucinations, memory impairment, and decreased attention span with disorganized thinking
disturbed sleep/wake patterns
To promote tissue healing, allow additional __ ____ during the day
rest periods
spiritual belief system can be described as a __ ___
religious affiliation
intervention would be used when a terminally ill older adult patient who is immobile expresses a desire to practice his or her religion
Arranging for a religious leader or minister to visit the patient regularly, Assisting the patient in reading desired religious texts or playing audio clips, Arranging objects of spiritual importance for the patient
Incorporating the patient’s ___ and _____ into care and treatment
beliefs and culture
Good oral hygiene for a patient with halitosis and xerostomia includes: use toothbrushes to remove plaques, clean dentures in warm water, increase fluid intake and
encouraged to brush after each meal and at bedtime
communities that forbid cremation include __, __ and ___
Muslim, American Indian, Jewish.
factors responsible for a change in circadian rhythm in older adult patients caused by aging
reduction in melatonin level, reduction in growth hormone level, environmental stimuli
during this stage of Alzheimer's there is memory impairment, behavioral symptoms, and impaired ability to function in daily life are noted.
dementia stage
An older adult’s reaction to end-of-life issues is based on an evaluation of a life and __ ____
unresolved conflicts
While assessing people with dark skin tones, changes that indicate stage 1 pressure injury are distinguished most effectively with a __ ____, which may reveal a purple hue indicative of this type of injury.
halogen light
The absence of this is responsible for the inequitable health status of the minority groups in the United States
culturally congruent nursing care
Maugan’s SPIRIT mnemonic for spiritual assessment is a tool to enable this with each of the letter denoting a specific aspect of spirituality; the T stands for
terminal events planning meaning end of life
if a client has this type of coping method the nurse can also help by encouraging the patient to think positive thoughts and verbalize feelings instead of bottling them up, recommend following a good nutrition plan, resting periodically, talking about alternative relaxation techniques, and encouraging participation in group activities.
sublimation
interventions can a nurse use to help support older adults who are facing stress because of a disruptive living situation
Encourage the patient to verbalize feelings and thoughts. Encourage the patient to display personal possessions in the room so that it feels familiar. Ensure continuity of care by keeping the number of caregivers to a familiar few. Reassure the patient of the benefits of living in the care facility.
during this stage of Alzheimer's there are measurable biological changes in the beta-amyloid plaque of the brain can be detected using specific biomarkers
preclinical stage
This medication is a benzodiazepine prescribed for insomnia and is considered safe in patients with psychiatric disorders or depression
Triazolam
data that should be documented in a pain management log
activity during pain, comfort measures, time of occurrence, medication prescribed, pain intensity
______ and loss of hair in the lower extremities indicate inadequate oxygenation of tissues, which can result in ischemia and necrosis.
intermittent claudication