Depressive Disorders:
What is one area of the brain implicated in depression?
Hypothalamus, Amygdala, or Hippocampus
What is a type of behavior therapy that works best with phobias associated with anxiety due to the integration of relaxation techniques and progressive exposure to hierarchy of fears?
Systematic desensitization
What type of Bipolar disorder requires the person must meet the criteria of hypomania preceded by and followed by a major depressive episode, but has never met the criteria of mania?
Bipolar II
Which type of symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and abnormal motor behavior?
Positive symptoms
Which neurodevelopmental disorder is characterized by impairments in social communication and interactions, as well as restrictive repetitive behaviors such as stimming?
Autism Spectrum Disorder
What is a treatment modality often used for depressive disorders that focuses on reframing cognitive distortions of the environment, self, and future?
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
What is the neurotransmitter that is increased in both Panic and GAD causing rapid heart beat, sweating, tremors, palpitations, and dry mouth?
Norepeniphrine
What is a common medication used to support mania-symptoms management and has specific therapeutic levels that must be maintained?
Lithium
What neurotransmitters are elevated in Schizophrenia?
Norepinephrine and Dopamine
What is the class of medications used in the first line for ADHD that works by either blocking the reuptake of NE and DA or increasing the release of NE and DA?
Stimulants
What is the name of this complication caused by MAOI’s that lead to dangerously high levels of tyramine?
Hypertensive Crisis
What is the class of medications often used for acute anxiety attacks/panic attacks or short-term for GAD that enhances GABA, but can lead to dependence, tolerance, and addiction?
Benzodiazepines
What part of the brain is dysregulated in Bipolar disorder and contributes to mood swings and altered stress response?
Hypothalamus
What is the class of medications commonly prescribed for the management of Schizophrenia that is a strong D2 receptor blockade and effective against positive symptoms?
Typical/Classical Antipsychotic (First Generation)
Which medication used for the medical management of ADHD has a black box warning for suicidal ideation risk?
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
What neurotransmitters are low in depression?
Serotonin, Norepinephrine, and Dopamine
What is the medication that is a good option for long-term GAD treatment and may be safe for elderly due to no sedative effect?
Buspirone (Buspar)
What is a complication from a common medication used for Bipolar Disorder that results in neurological impairments, speech difficulties, seizures, coma, and arrhythmias if not maintained within a specific blood level?
Lithium toxicity
What complication results from antipsychotic medications resulting in lowered dopamine levels and resulting akathisia, dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia?
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Which disorder is characterized by aggression to people/animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness/theft, and serious violations of rules?
Conduct Disorder
What are the differences between the mechanisms of actions between SSRIs and SNRIs?
SSRI increases serotonin levels by blocking serotonin reuptake, while SNRIs increase both serotonin and norepinephrine levels by blocking their reuptake.
What class of medication may be used adjunctively to treat anxiety symptoms by decreasing palpitations and tremors?
Beta-blockers
What is a medication class that can be used to help quickly alleviate manic symptoms, as well as maintain effectiveness in managing bipolar depressive episodes?
Antipsychotics
What medication can be used as a diagnostic took to identify catatonia based on a rapid reduction in catatonic symptoms by enhancing GABA activity?
Ativan (Lorazepam)
Which type of medication is Lisdexamfetamine (Vyanese) that converts to dextroamphetamine in the body and is used as a stimulant for ADHD?
Prodrug