What is pneumonia
What is pneumonia?
An infection that fills the lungs’ air sacs with fluid or pus, making it hard to breathe
Name one sign of pneumonia.
Fever, rapid breathing, or low oxygen levels.
What imaging test confirms pneumonia?
Chest X-ray.
What position helps patients breathe better?
Sitting upright (Fowler’s position).
What should patients do with their antibiotics?
Take the full course, even if they feel better.
Name one common cause of pneumonia
Bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
Name one symptom of pneumonia.
Cough, chest pain, or shortness of breath
What lab test identifies the germ causing pneumonia?
Sputum culture.
Name one initial nursing action for pneumonia.
Assess breathing and oxygen levels; give oxygen as ordered.
Name one way to prevent pneumonia
Get the flu or pneumococcal vaccine
Who is most at risk for pneumonia?
Older adults, young children, smokers, and people with weak immune systems.
How might pneumonia appear differently in older adults?
They may have confusion or weakness instead of fever and cough
What test checks oxygen levels in the blood?
Pulse oximetry.
What medication is given for bacterial pneumonia?
Antibiotics
What habit should patients stop to protect their lungs?
Smoking
What happens inside the lungs during pneumonia?
The alveoli become inflamed and fill with fluid, reducing oxygen exchange.
What symptom occurs when alveoli fill with fluid?
Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath.
What blood test helps show infection?
White blood cell count.
Name one skill nurses use to monitor lung function.
Listening to lung sounds or using pulse oximetry.
What should caregivers monitor for?
Worsening breathing, high fever, or confusion.
Name one possible complication of pneumonia.
Sepsis, respiratory failure, or lung abscess.
Why does pneumonia cause fatigue?
Because less oxygen reaches the body’s tissues.
Why might a doctor order a follow-up X-ray?
To make sure the infection has cleared and no complications remain.
What should nurses encourage to clear mucus?
Deep breathing, coughing, and drinking fluids.
Why is hydration important during recovery?
It helps thin mucus and makes coughing more effective.