What is one way to reduce the spread of pneumonia by improving indoor air quality? Name one.
Reduce indoor air pollution by decreasing tobacco smoke or cooking pollutants
100
What is the main mode of transmission for acquiring pneumonia?
Air-borne droplets from a cough or sneeze
100
A more general term used to describe an inflammatory process in the lung tissue
Pneumonitis
100
What is the cost of one treatment of antibiotics for pneumonia?
$10
$5
$3
$1
Less than $1 per dose
100
What is the common bacterial cause of pneumonia?
Strep Pneumoniae
200
How can pneumonia be prevented in the first six months of life?
Breastfeeding exclusively
200
Pneumonia is usually not contagious. True/False
False. Pneumonia is extremely contagious and is caused by breathing in small droplets that get into the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Pneumonia can also result when bacteria or viruses from the mouth, throat, or nose inadvertently enter the lung(s)
200
Pneumonia affects: A) ventilation B) diffusion C) all of the above D) none of the above
C) all of the above
200
Treating pneumonia in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa would cost around how much per year? $900 million $700 million $200 million $100 million
$200 million.
200
What is a major fear with overuse of antibiotics?
Drug-resistance
300
In HIV positive children, what is the primary method for preventing pneumonia?
Taking an antibiotic daily (cotrimoxazole)
300
What are 3 things that can be done to decrease the risk of developing PNA?
Vaccinations
Smoking cessation
Hand & respiratory hygiene
300
With pneumonia, sputum is sometimes ________________
Bloody. This is true especially in the elderly, children, and those who have other serious medical problems, such as COPD, heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers.
300
Which country has the most total cases of childhood pneumonia? India China Russia North Korea
India.
300
True, false, or 50/50: The vast majority of childhood pneumonia cases can be treated with antibiotics in the home.
TRUE!
400
What vitamin supplement can help reduce the rate of pneumonia in children by up to 25%?
Zinc supplements
400
Name 2 major risk factors for mortality in patients with PNA that our patient has?
Age
DM
Weakened Immune System (absence of vaccinations)
400
When pneumonia is present, infected areas of the lung(s) fill with_____ (name 2)
fluid and pus.
400
For every child that dies from pneumonia in developed countries how many die of pneumonia in developing countries? 100 1,000 2,000 5,000
More than 2,000 children
400
What is the most common cause of CAP in preschool aged children?
Viruses (RSV most common)
500
Vaccines guard against two of the main causes of life-threatening pneuomia- pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) and___________________?
Hib (Haemophilus influenzae)
500
Atypical pneumonia, often called walking pneumonia, is caused by what bacteria? Name one.
Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, or Chlamydophila pneumoniae
500
Pneumonia may be caused by this yeast-like fungus. Most common opportunistic infection in persons with HIV infection
Pneumocystic Carinii
500
This US president died of PNA in 1841 and is noted to have had the shortest White House tenure in history, dying 1 month after being placed in office
William Henry Harrison (9th President)
500
45 yo M with new diagnosis of AIDS on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), presents for evaluation of rash. Was recently started on a Bactrim antibiotic for a chronic cough. What is the most likely the medical diagnosis?