Acute Trauma
This type of fracture occurs when a tendon or ligament pulls off a piece of bone due to a sudden forceful contraction
What is an avulsion fracture?
Absolute contraindications for tourniquet use
What is sickle cell disease, PVD, DVT?
A procedure eliminating spastic posterior ankle equinus
What is Murphy?
Locate the Fabella
What is the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle?
This is the most common benign soft tissue tumor of the foot, often presenting as a slow-growing, painless mass
What is a plantar fibroma?
A structure preventing the first metatarsal from being closed reduced when medially displaced at the base
What is Tibialis Anterior?
Pathophysiological risk factors that could contribute to non-union or delayed union
What is age of patient, genetics, manutrition (Vit D, calcium, phosphorus, protein deficiency, anemia), diabetes, smoking, local limb status, nature of injury, etc?
The proximal akin corrects _____
The distal akin corrects _____
What is DASA?
What is HAI?
A ginglymus joint in the foot
What is Interphalangeal joints? What is the Ankle joint?
This bone tumor commonly found in the diaphysis of long bones, presents with a characteristic onion-skin periosteal reaction on radiographs and is associated with a t(11;22) chromosomal translocation
What is Ewing's sarcoma?
Mechanism of action to cause dislocation of peroneal tendons
What is eversion & dorsiflexion?
A part of the bone known to be the best location for a bone cut when using external fixation for distraction
What is Metaphysis?
A procedure performed for a hypermobile first ray with an intermetatarsal angle greater than 15 degrees
What is a Lapidus?
Structures that exit the tarsal tunnel by piercing the flexor retinaculum
What is Medial Calcaneal Artery and Nerve?
Most common melanoma in African American and Asian patients, not linked to sun exposure
What is Acral Lentiginous Melanoma?
This specific radiographic finding, often subtle on initial x-rays, is considered pathognomonic for a Lisfranc injury and indicates instability of the tarsometatarsal joint
What is "fleck sign"?
Reasons for graft failure
A double osteotomy procedure of the first metatarsal
What is Logroscino?
What is Trigeminal V, Facial VII, Glossopharyngeal IX, &/or Vagus X?
Three types of lytic destruction patterns in bone tumors
What is geographic, moth-eaten, and permeative?
This specific type of calcaneal fracture, characterized by medial displacement of the sustentaculum tali, is associated with a higher risk of neurovascular injury, and often requires an extensile lateral approach for surgical fixation
What is Essex-Lopresti joint-depression calcaneal fracture?
The AO principles
What is anatomic reduction, atraumatic technique (preservation of blood supply), rigid & stable internal fixation?
When metatarsus adductus is present, tje foot functions as if the IM angle is larger. The formula that accounts for this metatarsus adductus and find the "true IM angle"
What is true IM angle = IM angle + (metatarsus adductus angle - 15)
List anatomical structures in the second and third layer of the plantar foot
What is Quadratus Plantae muscle, Lumbricales, FHL tendon, FDL tendon (2nd), Adductor Hallucis Brevis, FHB, Flexor Digiti Minimi (3rd)?
This malignant bone tumor commonly affects the metaphysis of long bones, presents with a sunburst periosteal reaction, and is associated with mutations in the RB1 gene, increasing the risk for hereditary retinoblastoma