If officers are legally engaged in police work and happen to see evidence of a crime in plain view, they may seize it without a warrant.
What is Plain View?
200
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.
What is the 4th Amendment?
200
Addresses issues with Stop-and-Frisk situations.
What is Terry vs. Ohio?
200
Process by which police examine a person or property to find evidence that will be used to prove guilt in a criminal trial.
What is a search?
200
Aspects of the exclusionary rule:
-Prohibits use of illegally seized goods.
-Fruit of the poisoned tree
-Good faith exception
-Plain view doctrine
What is the Plain View Doctrine?
200
If police officers have probable cause to believe an automobile contains evidence of a crime, they may, in most cases, search the vehicle without a warrant.
What is the Automobile Exception? (or Carroll Doctrine)
300
Protects you against cruel and unusual punishment.
What is the 8th Amendment?
300
Tennessee's fleeing felon law was found unconstitutional.
What is Tennessee vs. Garner?
300
A brief detention of a person by law enforcement agents for questioning.
What is a stop?
300
Exceptions to the Search Warrant Requirement:
-Incident to Lawful Arrest
-Felony exception
-Consent
-Automobile exception
What is the Felony exception?
300
Most frequent exception to the warrant requirement. Must be a search to find and confiscate any weapons and a need to protect evidence on the person.
What is Search incident to arrest?
400
Protects you against self incrimination (testifying against oneself).
What is the 5th Amendment?
400
Established the reasonableness standard in use of force situations for law enforcement. Reasonable officer standard.
What is Graham vs. Connor?
400
The forcible taking of a person or property in response to a violation of the law.
What is a seizure?
400
Exceptions to the search warrant requirement continued:
-Suspicious package exception
-Stop and Frisk exception
-Hot Pursuit exception
-Abandoned property exception
What is Suspicious package exception?
400
If police are chasing a person they have probable cause to believe committed a crime and that person enters a building, the officers may search the building without a warrant.
What is Hot Pursuit?
500
Right to an impartial jury and speedy/public trial.
What is the 6th Amendment?
500
Addresses the right to privacy in abandoned property (i.e., garbage).
What is California vs. Greenwood?
500
Situations that require police officers to take extralegal or exceptional actions.
What are exigent circumstances?
500
Exigent circumstances regarding "Knock and Announce" warrants:
-Misdemeanor is being committed when officers enter
-Suspect is armed and poses strong threat of violence
-People are destroying evidence or escaping because of police presence
What is Misdemeanor is being committed?
500
Arizona vs. Gant redefined the search parameter for this exception.