Presidential Power
The president is commander in chief, with the secretary of defense, called the national command authority.
Military Power
Reaching out directly to the people, congress had ties to the citizens, not the president
Going Public
Most responsive to the President's needs and preferences. Mainly policy analysts and advisers. Help craft how the President will communicate with congress and the people. Appointed directly by the President, without senate approval. Family is ok, friends are ok.
White House Staff
Perform market-oriented public service
Corporations and Commissions.
Examples: USPS, Peace Corps, Amtrak
Regular or Anticipatory hearings on agency operations...
Prompted by media attention or advocacy group complaints...
Police Patrol Oversight
FIre Alarm Oversight
The president must see that all laws are faithfully executed...
Executive Power
Executive agreements (treaty without the senate's approval), Impose economic sanctions, fire cabinet members
Implied Powers
Writes the checks, most powerful executive agency. Coordinates interagency domestic policy
Office of Management and Budget
Three main revenue agencies...
The IRS, The ATF, US Customs
.... Can push policies in a direction that is favorable to participant interest but harmful to the public.
Iron Triangles.
Example:
FDA – pharmaceutical industry – politicians
DoD – defense industry - politicians
Has power to grant clemency
Judicial Power
Not directly stated in the constitution. Stem from the rights duties and obligations. Often asserted during wartime and national emergencies. President must act fast.
Inherent Power
Agencies that perform specific management tasks. Includes the office of management and budget, the council of economic advisers, and National Security Council
Executive Office of the President
Bureaucracies make and administer...
rules and regulations
Has the authority over interest rates and lending activities.
Does not make legislation.
Monetary Policy
Administered primarily by The Federal Reserve
The president is the head of state. Single rep for the nation, highest form of...
Diplomatic Power
One branch may have a specific power assigned, but the power is exercised by another with permission.
Delegated Powers
Secretaries and chief admins of the major federal departments
The Cabinet
Bureaucracies make rules without guidance...
But can be...
...from congress or the president
...repealed very easily or ignored
Example: EPA makes standards that cars are expected to produce. Rule making is often political and can change quickly. Is it easier to influence an agency than congress.
The government does not directly run the economy but they use taxing and spending powers to manipulate the economy
Fiscal Policy
Veto bills, address congress, initiate legislation (set the focus)...
Legislative Powers
Announcements made when signing bills into law which presents the President's interpretation.
Signing Statement
Don’t have to wait on law to pass to govern and make changes. Presidents can act unilaterally through executive orders.
Governing by decree
Presidents have goals for the Bureaucracy but...
They cannot always make an impactful influence due to the overall size of the bureaucracy and the short amount of time they have.
Example: Large Ship trying to turn very fast. Does not end well
The Department of Homeland Security...
The Department of Defense...
Internal Security
External Security