Mechanisms of Mobilization
The term for the spread of protest tactics, frames, and other elements across borders.
What is (transnational) diffusion?
Initially formed by some friends concerned about the lack of news coverage of a massacre of Kurdish villagers in Turkey, this net-based network discussed by Zeynep Tüfekçi coordinated on social media platforms to fill mainstream media gaps.
What is #140journos, Citizen Journalists?
While seen in repertoires of contention elsewhere, this protest tactic was perhaps most famously used by republican nationalists during the 1981 Maze Prison incident.
What is a hunger strike?
This Facebook-organized group mobilized against white imperialist feminism with posts and hashtags like "FORGOT TO BE OPPRESSED, TOO BUSY BEING AWESOME!" and #MuslimahPride
What is Muslim Women Against FEMEN?
In a busy and information-saturated world, frames can be defined as meaning-making devices or interpretive packages that protesters use to focus THIS on their specific claims.
What is public attention/awareness?
This animal became the symbol of media silence after CNN Türk showed a documentary featuring it rather than protest footage from Gezi Park.
What is a penguin?
Exemplified by the alliance of intellectuals and workers in the Solidarity movement, this term explains how movements grow through groups partnering.
What is coalition-building?
The model helps explain how social media serves in amplifying protesters' voices to the international level, and then directing foreign political pressure back on protesters' home government.
What is the boomerang model?
Spain's government used many labeling/naming tactics to delegitimize the violent youth wing of the Basque nationalist movement. Name three.
What are puppies, drunkards, drug-users, Nazis, fascists, extremists, pseudo-revolutionaries, hooligans, Falangists, Marxist-Leninists, xenophobes?
This anti-nuclear movement forged a strong collective identity through members' experiences with sexism from groups like the industry-funded Czech Daddies.
What is the South Bohemian Mothers' Movement?
This quality, measured by scholars like Ketelaars, reflects the extent to which individuals relate and/or agree with the framing used by movement leaders.
What is frame resonance?
This group peacefully assembles weekly on Istanbul's main shopping street to demand justice and accountability for their children who were disappeared during Turkey's Kurdish conflict.
What is the Saturday Mothers, Saturday People
The term for the upgrading of claims-making by protesters from, say, the local to the national level.
What is scale shift?
Exemplified by the Save Darfur campaign, this is the term for relatively low-impact online activity that seems to support a cause but may just make the social media user feel content.
What is slacktivism/clicktivism?
Rather than a strategic, top-down coordinated effort, Nathalie Duclos argues the formation of this Western Balkans militant group was incremental and contingent on exposure to violence.
What is the Kosovar Liberation Army (KLA)?
Marta Cabezas shows how this far-right party leveraged conservative roles for women and a hyper-masculine restorationist vision of Spain to gain national parliamentary seats in 2019.
What is Vox?
What is a prognostic frame?
This marginalized and "invisible" group, sometimes defined as cultural rather than religious, receives support from a mobilized diaspora community in Europe.
Who are the Alevis?
This practice - whose end can bring about a revolution - involves concealing one's beliefs for fear of punishment by the regime.
What is preference falsification?
Highlighting their the humanizing and storytelling capacities, Anna Nacher analyzes these digital media tools in the case of Poland's Black Protests.
What are hashtags?
National and local police cracked down violently in 1) this region during what was deemed an illegal independence referendum in 2) this year.
What are
1) Catalonia/Catalan autonomous community
2) 2017?
This referendum campaign in Ireland deployed frames including "women's health and safety" and "trust in women" to achieve an unprecedented legal shift for the country in 2018.
What is the Repeal the 8th campaign?
Arguably exhibiting the concept of "framing hazard," this environmental group's repertoire of contention includes shocking and even dangerous protest tactics often targeted against art.
What is Just Stop Oil?
Crafted in large part to prevent domestic violence, women, queer activists, and allies protested against Turkey's withdrawal from this Council of Europe treaty in 2021.
What is the Istanbul Convention?
These are the two types of movements Christian Scholl analyzes in explaining how Europe is a "contagious space" for protest to diffuse.
What are anti-austerity/precarity and climate justice movements?
Titling her piece "Facebook Helped Me Do It," Olga Onuch points to these functions of ICTs in mobilizing millions of Ukrainians in the Euromaidan protests. Name two (of five).
What are disseminating information rapidly, coordinating mobilization, raising media awareness, creating opportunities for "newcomers," and bridging ethnic divides with a civic identity.
This is the full name of the woman whose September 2022 death in police custody sparked mass demonstrations in Iran but whose Kurdish identity was often overlooked and even erased.
What is Jina Mahsa Amini?
Arguably shifting prejudiced attitudes for some, lesbians, trans women, and other queer individuals and allies marched in this capital's first Pride parade in 2019.
What is Sarajevo?
Using network analysis to study anti-mining protests in the Turkish district of Cerattepe, Burak Doğu finds that this frame came to dominate over the environmental justice frame, with potential consequences for the movement.
What is the political economy/crony capitalism frame?
Güneş Murat Tezcür examined the Kurdistan Workers' Party's use of strategic violence by pointing to these mechanisms. Name three of four.
What are revenge, credibility, social mobility, and gender emancipation?