The Constitution
The Constitution sought to replace this document.
What is the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union?
The Connecticut Plan/Compromise established this.
Bicameral legislature, with an upper house given two representatives per state, and the lower house's numbers determined by population. The proportion becomes complicated now though.
Hamilton described this branch as the _____ dangerous branch.
Least.
Before direct election (with the Electoral College), the president was chosen by and expected to be accountable to whom.
The states/state legislatures.
The President appoints these members who must be confirmed in the Senate to help in executive decision-making processes.
Members of the Cabinet/Leaders among Bureaucratic offices
The use or threat of military force is an example of this.
Hard power
Name one of the problems posed by the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union.
What are: the federal government couldn't collect taxes/pay its bills, it couldn't raise an army, it couldn't regulate commerce
Gerrymandering is partially named after a salamander and refers to this process
The redrawing of district lines to favor a particular candidate/party.
Marbury v. Madison established this principle.
Judicial Review
Taking to Twitter is a form of this kind of politics that Presidents engage in to garner more support.
What is "Going public?"
What is the merit-based system?
A country that limits trade within its borders, charges high tariffs for the few goods it allows in, or disengages from international politics is said to be engaging in this type of foreign policy.
What is Isolationism?
Those who wrote in support of ratifying the Constitution are known as this
What are the Federalists?
Spending bills must originate in which part of Congress?
Bonus points: Why?
House of Representatives
A dual court system refers to this.
Separation between state and federal courts with exceptions of major issues and questions of constitutionality.
States: trial, appellate, state Supreme courts
Federal: district, circuit court of appeals, SCOTUS
This Article of the Constitution lists the duties and responsibilities of the President.
Article II
This group is closest in influence and loyalty to the president
The Executive Office of the President
The use of diplomacy is considered this kind of foreign policy approach.
What is soft power?
Federalist 51 justifies this provision in the Constitution
What are checks and balances (be able to explain why this is a good thing and what argument is made)?
Name a check the legislative branch has over each of the other branches. 300pts for each correct check.
On Executive: override a veto; confirm appointments; can defund programs P wants; can adjust laws to limit scope of power.
On Judicial: can write new laws to counteract decisions; can refuse to fund towards enforcement; could pass laws limiting reach.
List some of the checks the judicial branch has on other branches.
Judicial review, claiming an act as unconstitutional, imparting a decision that holds the weight of law.
This house of the legislature has the power to remove a President from office.
Senate.
This office is responsible for drafting the President's budget.
Office of Management and Budget.
In opposition to isolationism, a policy approach that advocates that the US be active in global affairs because of a belief that liberal democracies must take the lead in creating a peaceful world (critically: this is usually in its image) is called this.
Liberal internationalism
While drawn from a variety of early thinkers, this individual was perhaps most influential to the 'founders.'
John Locke
When politicians don't want to enter into a treaty, the President and Congress can come together to sign this. It only needs a simple majority in both chambers rather than 2/3rds in the Senate
Congressional-executive Agreements
List at least one avenue for the Supreme Court to hear a case.
Bonus points for each additional avenue.
Question arises of a clear constitutional issue, the question is already a part of the court's original jurisdiction.
Describe characteristics of executive orders.
Hold force of law, can be overturned by later presidents or determined unconstitutional by the courts, or undone by a change in policy through the legislative branch.
Describe how Presidents deal with the problems surrounding achieving their policy goals.
Negotiating with Congress for solutions; negotiating with Cabinet and agency heads; "going public"; EOP czars.
Protection of US and its citizens
Maintaining access to key resources and markets
Preserving the balance of power throughout the world
Protecting human rights and democracy
Explain the concerns expressed by the Antifederalists (Brutus and Federal Farmer)
Points for one correct answer, additional 500 for each additional answer.
The 3/5s compromise was an abomination, the federal government would collect way too much power over sword and purse and become tyrannical, too much power by the rich and elite over the poor, without a Bill of Rights personal liberties would be at stake, states could be limited by the government.
List and explain the three models of representation
Points for listing the three, additional points for each explanation.
1. Delegate
2. Trustee
3. Politico
An approach to interpreting the Constitution and laws not by how they may have originally been intended but how they best fit into our current world.
What is loose constructionism?
DAILY DOUBLE!
The Electoral College distributes delegates in a winner-take-all-system except in these two states.
Nebraska and Maine
What are the three forms of bureaucracy your textbook discusses?
Points for listing all three; Points for each explanation
Weberian
Acquisitive
Monopolistic
What are the different forms an international agreement can take.
Points for listing the three forms, additional points for explaining them
1. Treaty
2. Executive Agreements
2a. Sole-executive agreements
2b. Congressional-executive agreements
Bonus info! US v. Pink: executive agreements are legally equivalent to treaties provided they do not alter federal law