Basic Knowledge
A technique for making millions of copies of a specific region of DNA
What is Polymerase Chain Reaction?
gDNA (genomic DNA)
What is DNA that contains biological information that is passed down from one generation of an organism to the next?
Temperature denaturing occurs at
What is 95 degrees celsius?
Things PCR is used for in real life
What is disease diagnosis?
The year the FDA approved the first PCR test
What is 1993?
The origin of Taq polymerase
What is bacteria that live in hot springs?
plasmid DNA
What is DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of automatic replication?
Temperature annealing occurs at
What is 50 degrees celsius?
Fields PCR is used in
What are the areas of medical diagnostics, forensics, and agriculture?
The person who employed Aptamers and Primers
Who is Roche?
Denaturing
What is when the double stranded DNA are is separated into two single strands of DNA?
cDNA (complementary DNA)
What is a form of DNA artificially synthesized from a messenger RNA template and used in genetic engineering to produce gene clones?
Temperature extension occurs at
What is 72 degrees celsius?
How PCR is utilized in forensics
What is genetic fingerprinting?
Who is Kary Mullis?
Annealing
What is the annealing of the primers to each original strand for new strand synthesis?
Primers
What is a strand of nucleic acid that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis?
Taq polymerase can withstand the range of temperatures in DNA without denaturing
What is the reason PCR requires a specific type of polymerase?
How is PCR related to blood donation?
It's useful for screening donated blood for infections.
A virus that can be detected by PCR before it can by other forms of diagnostic tech
What is HIV?
Extension
What is when Taq polymerase binds to each PCR primer and begins adding new nucleotides?
Thermal Cycler
What is an instrument that automatically cycles through different temperatures used to complete PCR reactions?
The amount of cycles of PCR it takes to produce a double-stranded DNA fragment of the desired length
What is 3?
A disadvantage of PCR
What is how expensive Taq polymerase can be?
What is its error rate of around 100,000 base pairs?