Studying World Population
Population Ageing and Migration
Structure and Function of Cities
Global Urbanization and Challenges of Cities
Population and Urbanization in Spain
100
What is "life expectancy"?
The average number of years that a person can expect to live.
100
What are the two main causes of population aging?
1. Decline in the fertility rate
2. increase in life expectancy
100
In what part of a city does most commercial and financial activity take place?
The central business district (CBD)
100
Cities which lack good public transport systems may face what type of problem?
Too much traffic in the streets can lead to accidents and delays
100
About what time did Spain change from being a country of emigrants to a country of immigration?
After the recession of 1973, and until the economic crisis of 2008.
200
Why has life expectancy risen across the globe?
Advances in medicine, nutrition, and hygiene.
200
In which regions of the world is population aging the fastest?
In developed countries, especially Japan and parts of Europe.
200
How many inhabitants must a city have to be considered a 'megacity'?
More than 10 million.
200
Why might large companies choose to be located in a city?
1. Transport networks
2. Availability of workers
3. Cities are centers of innovation
200
Which were some of the first cities in Spain to grow in the 19th and 20th centuries?
Bilbao, Barcelona and Madrid (also Valencia and Zaragoza)
300
When was the population explosion?
In the second half of the 20th century
300
Name at least 2 reasons why people migrate.
1. Economic: job opportunities and higher wages
2. Social: better services or to be near family
3. Political or religious: people flee persecution
4. Natural disasters: events force people to leave
300
In what parts of the world are cities currently growing at the fastest rates?
In emerging and less developed countries, particularly in Asia and Africa.
300
What is it called when a city has a slightly higher temperature than the area around it?
An urban microclimate or a heat island
300
The national metropolises in Spain are Madrid and Barcelona. Name 2 other Regional metropolises.
Valencia, Bilbao, Zaragoza Seville, and Málaga.
400
Why is population growth so low in developed countries?
These countries have low death rates BUT they also have very low birth rates, which have declines because women work more, contraception is available, families delay having children, children are a financial burden.
400
What population trend is shown in this pyramid?
A contracting, declining, or aging population.
400
What is the required population density to be considered an urban or metropolitan area?
150 people per km2
400
What is it called when groups of people are separated into different areas according to their income?
Residential segregation
400
What industry has a helped speed the growth of cities along Spain's Mediterranean coast?
The tourism industry.
500
What is the fertility rate necessary for generational replacement?
2.1 children per woman.
500
What are some benefits to a country that its receiving many migrants?
1. Can prevent population aging/decline
2. Immigrants are often young people who can fill jobs
3. Many migrants have useful skills or knowledge and can contribute to economic growth
500
What is the term for an area, usually on the outskirts of a city, where poor people have moved to in large numbers and generally lacks electricity, sanitation, or other services?
A slum of shanty town.
500
What features and/or institutions should a city have to be considered a global city?
1. Important financial institutions (such as NYSE)
2. National/International institutions (EU, UN, etc.)
3. Headquarters major multinational companies
4. Key information and communications industries (TV stations, newspapers, etc.)
500
What percent of Spain's population today is over age 64?
18%. This is a sign of population aging.