Population Dynamics
This rule helps estimate doubling time.
What is the Rule of 70?
Modern medicine, sanitation, and farming practices caused this major population trend during industrialization.
What is exponential population growth?
The use of this fossil fuel started the industrial revolution.
What is coal?
Despite the decades of effort, the global energy use of fossil fuels is approximately this percent.
The the symbol "N" stands for this in population dynamics.
What is the number of individuals?
This term refers to the maximum population size an environment can support.
What is carrying capacity (K)?
This measurement best reflects a nation’s development.
What is infant mortality rate?
This metric measures the cost per kilowatt-hour produced by an energy source.
What is Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE)?
Despite having lower CO2 emissions, natural gas is still having huge impacts on climate change because it is this potent greenhouse gas.
What is methane?
A population of 25 has 5 births, 2 deaths, 5 immigration and 3 emigration. What is the intrinsic growth rate?
What is 0.2 or 20%
Social animals usually exhibit this type of population distribution.
What is grouped distribution?
Access to this and education for women strongly reduces fertility rates.
What is birth control?
Fossil fuels are inaccurately priced because these costs are not included.
What are external costs like healthcare and climate impacts?
What is the current biggest challenge for using more wind or solar power?
What are grid connections and upgrades?
This type of energy source is often subsidized by governments to artificially bring its price down.
What are fossil fuels?
Animals with high investment in their young like elephants typically show this type of survivorship curve.
What is Type I?
In the demographic transition model, population growth accelerates most during this phase.
What is the transitional phase?
This means using less of a service, while this describes using less energy to get that same service. (2 answers)
This is a future challenge for using 100% renewable energy like wind and solar.
What is grid storage?
This is delayed after a drop in death rate in the transitional phase of the demographic transition model.
What is dropping birth rates?
This growth curve represents a population that levels off at carrying capacity.
What is a logistic growth curve?
OR
What is an "S-shaped" curve?
Name two challenges a post-industrial society might face and one policy to address them.
What are aging populations and low birth rates? Policy: immigration incentives or family support programs.
These are three examples which are going to dramatically increase the demand of electricity.
What is: (Any combination of three)
AI, electric cars, air conditioning, electrification of heat, steel manufacturing, concrete manufacturing, developing countries moving through the demographic transition.
One possible way to store enough energy to replace long droughts of intermittent storage is this type of system.
What is closed-loop pumped hydro?
This shape of an age structure diagram could represent either a preindustrial or an industrial society.
What is straight on the sides?