Vocabulary
Italy
Spain
Germany
Population Pyramids
100
The study of human populations, including how they change due to births, deaths, aging, and migration.
Demogarphy
100
What happens when a country has a replacement rate under 2.1, like Italy?
It is not replacing its population and is possibly shrinking. It could possibly be aging as well.
100
What percent of Spain's population did elderly people make up in 1950? What about in the year 2050?
1950 - Between 5 and 10%
2050- Almost 40%
100
According to this graph, in which decade did Germany’s labor supply reach its peak and then began to decline throughout the rest of the decade?
1980
100
Briefly describe what information a population pyramid shows.
A population pyramid shows the makeup of a population by age group and gender
200
The average that a person in a given population can expect to live to.
Life Expectancy
200
The narrow base of this population pyramid tells us that Italy's population is
Shrinking
200
List at least two reasons why populations like Spain's are aging.
Low TFR/RR
Baby Boom
An Increase in Life Expectancy
200
Cash for babies, rising retirement ages, and family-friendly workplace policies are all responses to Europe’s declining...
Total Fertility Rate / Birth Rate
200
Looking at the Spain 2030 graph, what is the age group of the baby boomers in 2030?
50-69 years old
300
The average number of children a woman in a population will have in her lifetime.
Total Fertility Rate
300
What are two reasons why Europe has low birth rates?
TFR has slowly dropped over time due to factors such as...
--Childcare is expensive
--Women are waiting until later in life to have their first child
--Balancing work and family life can be difficult
300
Why should European workers be concerned about the aging population?
Younger workers pay the taxes that cover pensions and health care for elderly people.
300
What type of growth has Europe been experiencing overall since 2000?
Slow Growth
Negative Growth
Rapid Growth
negative growth
300
Estimate the percentage of the population of men and women represented in the top bar of 2040 pyramid.
What does this figure tell you about the life expectancy of European men and women?
In Europe, women have a longer life expectancy than men.
400
The number of old and young people who don't work compared with the working age population.
Dependency Ratio
400
What are two problems that occur with populations experience negative growth?
Shortage of workers
High Dependency Ratio
Businesses go broke
Loss of jobs
Limited Pensions $
Limited Healthcare $
400
What happens when a small workforce is supporting a larger elderly population?
An increase in the dependency ratio
400
In recent years, Europe’s elderly population has...
grown.
400
This graph suggests that Europe will have a high dependency ratio in 2040. What parts of the population pyramid would we examine to back this claim up?
We would compare the number of working-age adults in the middle of the pyramid to the elderly groups 65+.
Lastly, we would look at the bottom of the pyramid to see if the TFR will replace the working class over time.
500
The total fertility rate needed for a population to replace itself with at least 1 person. The average is 2.1
Replacement Rate
500
Italy has a total fertility rate of just over 1. Nigeria has a total fertility rate of more than 5. Which country has a higher replacement rate? What type of growth is it experiencing?
Nigeria
Rapid
500
A country with an aging population is most likely to face rapidly rising costs for...
pensions and healthcare
500
How can aging societies address the problems they face? List 2
by raising the retirement age
Increase their birthrate with family-friendly policies for work and childcare
Limit the amount of pension money that goes to retired people
Increase the number of migrants into their country
500
In 2017, the baby boomer group in Spain is most likely...
In the workforce or out of the workforce?
In the workforce