Definitions
What is the ideational definition of populism?
A certain rhetoric or style of discourse that has Manichean tones and compares the will of the people to a conspiring elite.
Explain the economic inequality theory as a cause of populism.
It comes from economic insecurity and social deprivation. It leads people to dislike leaders and blame "them" for taking opportunities from "us". It usually appeals to the disgruntled, economically insecure, uneducated etc.
What is cluster sampling?
A technique in which you randomly select a set of texts but then code every message in that set.
Name a negative consequence of populism
Limit contestation, get rid of checks and balances, political and social polarization, bad policy, undermines institutions, removes civil liberties etc.
What does it mean if a speech is Manichean?
There is a clear and obvious distinction between good and evil.
Explain the cultural backlash theory.
It is a reaction against progressive cultural change and says that populism will be strong among those holding traditional values and retro norms. Could also be applied to a reaction against conservatives.
Define replicability
If you run the test on the same data set would you get the same results?
Name a positive consequence of populism.
Civic participation rises, new issues are brought up, increased awareness and accountability, voice to marginalized groups, revitalize social movements etc.
What is content in content analysis?
All message characteristics- written and verbal such as text, transcribed speech, verbal interactions, visual images, sound events, movies, music lyrics etc.
What is the ideational theory of populism?
Populist attitudes are latent in each person and populist speech can be used to enflame those attitudes.
What is the unit of analysis in a content analysis?
Element on which data are analyzed and for which findings are reported.
What is the only consequence of populism that has been proven to be affected by the political-strategic theory?
Checks and balances
What is a content analysis?
Summarizing, quantitative analysis of messages that follows the standards of the scientific method (including attention to objectivity, inter-subjectivity, a priori design, reliability, validity, generalizability, replicability, and hypothesis testing based on theory) and is not limited as to the types of variables that may be measured or the context on which the messages are created or presented.
Explain the components of the political-strategic theory
Populists are political outsiders and lack experience. Populists are anti-establishment and have a mandate to change the institutions. Populists confront horizontal accountability and have to deal with hostile courts and legislatures.
Name the four types of validity from the reading about reliability and validity.
Face-validity, Content Validity, Criterion Validity, Discriminant Validity
Explain Mudde and Kaltwasser's definition of inclusive vs exclusive populism
Particular groups are either included or excluded from monetary resources from the government, social or civic involvement, or symbolic groupings.