Africa
This large, natural landform separates and isolates Northern Africa from Southern Africa
Sahara Desert
This institution was the major unifying force in Western Europe during the Middle Ages
The Catholic Church
Trade networks were responsible for the spread of this virus that killed millions of people
The Black Death / Bubonic Plague
These ruthless warriors from the Eastern Steppe created the largest empire ever
The Mongols
This architecture became famous for large cathedrals in Western Europe during the Middle Ages
Gothic Architecture
Gold & Salt
This empire, who called themselves Romans, flourished in Eastern Europe from 330-1453 CE
Byzantine Empire
This animal helped the Trans Saharan trade networks flourish
Camels
Much of what we know about the Mongols was recorded by this Italian Explorer in a famous book
Marco Polo
This lower class member of Feudal Europe was bound to the manor by contract
This is the most practiced belief system in North Africa
Islam
Give one difference between the Byzantine Empire and Western Europe during the Middle Ages
- Decentralized v. Centralized Government
- Orthodox v. Catholic
- Large trade networks v. local economies
- Stability, golden age v. instability & chaos
The Mongols helped reestablish this old, overland trade network from Asia to the Middle East & Europe
The Silk Roads
The Arabian Peninsula
This region was treated harshly by the Mongols largely because they refused to submit to Mongol rule
Russia
Historians today know Mansa Musa to be one of the wealthiest people ever because of the stories from this trip that he took in 1324
Pilgrimage to Mecca
This event sparked the mass exile from cities and Western Europe's transition into a decentralized life style
The Fall of the (Western) Roman Empire
Pope Urban II called upon all Christians to retake this in the Middle East
The Holy Land / Jerusalem
This city in modern day Iraq was the center of learning and trade for the Islamic Caliphates during their Golden Age
Baghdad
This invention helped the Mongols remain stable on horseback during battle & even allowed them to sleep
The stirrup
This city was the heart of education and trade for the Mali Empire in Africa
Timbuktu
The Byzantines built this huge Orthodox Cathedral in Constantinople that is today a Mosque in Istanbul
Hagia Sophia
During the post classical period this religion spread on trade networks from India to Eastern Asia where is heavily practiced today
Buddhism
Give one of the two major Islamic Caliphates
Umayyad / Abbasid
This crusade is the only one that is considered to be successful for the European Christian Crusaders
The 1st