Upper GI
What are the 4 common UPPER GI medications?
Antacids
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Mucosal Barriers
H2 Blockers (Histamine Receptor Antagonists)
What is the most accurate method to diagnose GERD?
pH monitoring examination
States this in textbook!!
NSAIDS - they relax lower esophageal sphincter = bad
What is the staging for cancer?
TNM Classification
T = tumor size
N = lymph node involvement
M = presence of metastasis
What results from large number of cancer cells being destroyed rapidly?
The contents of cells are released into the bloodstream, can be treated with hydration and we want to monitor serum electrolytes.
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
What is the medication used in conjunction with antibiotics to treat H. Pylori?
H2 blockers
What is the most common side effect of gastritis?
Rapid onset of epigastric pain or discomfort
What position beside elevating HOB for GERD should a person lay in?
Right side lying position - promote gas exchange and swallow frequency
What does cancer grading do?
classifies cellular aspects of a tumor
Give an example of a special needs for a cancer patient.
Palliative care vs. Hospice Care
Pain management
Cultural/Spiritual concerns
Ethical/Moral considerations
What medication class is used in the prevention of stress ulcers?
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Which peptic ulcer has delayed stomach emptying and pain is increased with food?
Gastric
Name on example of management of cancer.
surgery
radiation
chemotherapy
immunotherapy/targeted therapy
photodynamic therapy
hormonal therapy
what does staging of cancer represent?
classifies clinical aspects of cancer
Give an example of an oncologic emergency.
Sepsis and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
Spinal Cord Compression
Hypercalcemia
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
What are the 2 types of Hiatal Hernias?
Sliding
Rolling
Which peptic ulcer has increased stomach emptying and pain decreases with food?
Duodenal
What are the 2 forms of radiation?
External Beam (teletherapy)
Internal Devices (brachytherapy)
What is a metabolic emergency that can lead to death?
Tumors secrete parathyroid hormone (causes bone to release calcium), bone metastasis can promote bone breakdown, dehydration worsens this condition, and is treated with IV hydration?
Hypercalcemia
Give an example of an impact of cancer has on an individual.
impaired immunity and clotting
altered GI function
altered peripheral nerve function
motor and sensory deficits
pain
altered respiratory and cardiac function
What does stomatitis stand for?
Inflammation of the oral cavity
Is it safe/ok to use Listerine on a patient that has stomatitis?
NO
What is it called when a tumor enters spinal column or vertebrae collapse from tumor degradation?
Spinal Cord Compression
What is/causes tumor compression or clots in vessel that lead to congestion of blood?
This is painful and life threatening, associated with late-stage disease and symptoms are more pronounced with supine position.
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
What is the mnemonic for warning signs of cancer?
CAUTION
C- change in bowel or bladder habits
A - a sore that does not heal
U - unusual bleeding or discharge
T - thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
I - indigestion or dysphagia
O - obvious change in wart or mole
N - nagging cough or hoarseness